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Understanding the Responsibilities of Different Muscle Groups

Learn about the actions of our muscles, including flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, horizontal abduction/adduction, elevation/depression, and medial/lateral rotation. Discover the major muscles of the body and their functions.

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Understanding the Responsibilities of Different Muscle Groups

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  1. Lesson MotivatorReview the actions of our Muscles • The job of a skeletal muscle is to contract (shorten) (pull on a bone) • When a muscle contracts, it produces actions or movements at the joint • Flexion/Extension (sagittal) • Neck, Waist, Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist, Hip, Knee, Ankle • Abduction/Adduction (coronal) • Shoulder, Hip • Horizontal Abduction/Horizontal Adduction (axial) • Shoulder • Elevation/Depression (within a girdle) • Shoulder • Medial Rotation / Lateral Rotation • Waist, Neck LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  2. Muscular System Now that you have learned what muscles do and how they work, let’s apply this information and find the major muscles of the body. Turn to pages 80 and 81. LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  3. Create a key • Name • Job/Joint • Color LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  4. Muscles and their Actions Flexors and Extensors Location ? (Flexors – front/forward Extensors – back/backward) Exceptions??? LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  5. Biceps • AKA:Bi’s or Guns • Job: Flexor • Bends elbow http://www.ncpad.org/exercise/fact_sheet.php?sheet=426&view=all LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  6. M. Biceps – Flexes Elbow LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  7. Triceps • AKA - Tri’s • Job: Extensor • Straightens elbow http://www.answers.com/topic/gluteal-muscles?cat=health LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  8. A. Triceps - Extends Elbow LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  9. Wrist Flexors • Job: Flexors • Bends wrist forward http://www.eorthopod.com/public/patient_education/6467/elbow_anatomy.html LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  10. T.Wrist Flexors - Flex Wrist LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  11. Wrist Extensors • AKA: Forearm • Job: Extensors • bends back the wrist http://www.eorthopod.com/public/patient_education/6467/elbow_anatomy.html LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  12. B.Wrist Extensors – Extends Wrist LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  13. Hip Flexors • AKA: - Front of Hips • Job: Flexor • It bringsthe leg forward at the hip LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies? http://www.fitstep.com/Advanced/Anatomy/Hip_flexors.htm

  14. O.Hip Flexors – Flexes leg at hip LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  15. Gluteus Maximus • AKA: - Glutes; Buns; Butt • Largest muscle • Job: - Extensor • Swings leg back at hip or behind you http://www.answers.com/topic/gluteal-muscles?cat=health LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  16. I. Gluteus Maximus– Extends leg at hip LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  17. Check for Learning: LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies? • Partner Activity: • Instructions: Turn to your seat partner and name a pair of muscles discussed in this section and show your partner where there are located on the human body. Helpful Hint: these muscles cause flexion or extension – they can be found on the anterior or posterior side of the body!

  18. Tibialis Anterior • AKA - Shins • Job: Flexor • Bends foot forward at the ankle so that toes come closer to shin • “Dorsi-flexion” http://www.answers.com/topic/gastrocnemius-muscle-1?cat=health LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  19. W.Tibialis Anterior– Flexes Ankle LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  20. Gastrocnemius • AKA: Gastroc; Calves • Job: Extensor • Straightens foot at ankle (point toes) • “Plantar-flexion” LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies? http://www.answers.com/topic/gastrocnemius-muscle-1?cat=health

  21. D. Gastrocnemius (Calf) – Extends Ankle LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  22. Hamstrings • AKA: Hams • Job: Flexor • Bends knee http://www.myfit.ca/exercisedatabase/viewanexercise.asp?exercise=Squats+(Elastic+Band)&table=exercises&ID=87 LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  23. C. Hamstrings – Flexes Knee • Also helps extend hip LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  24. Quadriceps • AKA: Quads • Job: Extensor • It straightens the knee http://www.myfit.ca/exercisedatabase/viewanexercise.asp?exercise=Squats+(Elastic+Band)&table=exercises&ID=87 LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  25. P. Quadriceps (Quads) – Extends Knee • Also helps flex hip LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  26. Deltoids • AKA:Delts, shoulder LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  27. Anterior Deltoid • Job: Flexor • Brings arm forward at the shoulder joint LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  28. K. Anterior Deltoid • Flexes the arm at the shoulder joint LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  29. Posterior Deltoid • Job: Extension • It moves the arm backward at the shoulder joint LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  30. V. Posterior Deltoid Extends Shoulder LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  31. Rectus Abdominis • AKA: Abs, 6 pack • Job: Flexor • bends forward the torso at the waist • Posture http://www.exrx.net/Lists/Directory.html LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies? http://www.answers.com/topic/gastrocnemius-muscle-1?cat=health

  32. N. Rectus Abdominis (Abs) Flexes torso at the waist LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  33. Erector Spinae AKA: erector, lower back Job: Extensor at the waist Erector Spinae LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  34. H. Erector Spinae Extends torso at the waist LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  35. Check for Learning: LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies? • Partner Activity: • Instructions: Turn to your seat partner and name a pair of muscles discussed in this section and show your partner where there are located on the human body. Helpful Hint: these muscles cause flexion or extension – they can be found on the anterior or posterior side of the body!

  36. Muscles and their Actions Abductors and Adductors Location? (use directional terms) LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  37. Mid Deltoid (lateral) • Job: Abductor • It brings the arm out to the side LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  38. R. Mid-Deltoid– ABducts shoulder LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  39. Teres Major • AKA: under the arm • Job: Adductor • brings the arm back towards the midline LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  40. J. Teres Major – ADDucts shoulder LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  41. Gluteus Medius • AKA: Outer thigh; leg abductors • Job: Abductor • Slides leg out to the side at hip • Balance??? http://www.preventdisease.com/home/muscleatlas/207.html LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  42. U. Gluteus Medius – ABducts Hip LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  43. Leg Adductors • AKA: Groin; inner thigh • Job:Adductor • Brings leg back to midline at hip; • Helps one leg cross in front of the other • Balance??? LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies? http://www.anatomytrains.com/explore/galleries/show/id/55?page=21

  44. Q. Leg Adductors – Adducts Hip LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  45. LatissimusDorsi • AKA: Lats • Job: Horizontal Abductor • pull arm back LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies? http://www.physioweb.org/IMAGES/rhomb_lat.jpg

  46. G. Latissimus Dorsi(Lats) - Hor. Abduct Shoulder (elbows out) • Also is a big adductor LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  47. Pectoralis Major • AKA - Pecs • Job:Horizontal ADDuctor • brings arms back toward midline • Love/Hate??? • Hug/Push LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies? http://www.answers.com/topic/gluteal-muscles?cat=health

  48. L. Pectoralis Major • Horizontally ADDucts the Shoulder LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

  49. Check for Learning: LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies? • Partner Activity: • Instructions: Turn to your seat partner and name a pair of muscles discussed in this section and show your partner where there are located on the human body. Helpful Hint: these muscles cause abduction or adduction – many can be found on the lateral or medial side of the body or body part!

  50. Muscles and their Actions Elevatorsand Depressors LEQ: What are the responsibilities of the different muscle groups in our bodies?

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