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Citizen Airmen The Total Force

Citizen Airmen The Total Force. Overview. The Total Force Reserve Categories Structure and Organization Accessibility. History. 1653, Oliver Cromwell overthrows British Parliament Legitimate need for national defense Who should rise up if we have no standing army?

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Citizen Airmen The Total Force

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  1. Citizen Airmen The Total Force

  2. Overview • The Total Force • Reserve Categories • Structure and Organization • Accessibility

  3. History • 1653, Oliver Cromwell overthrows British Parliament • Legitimate need for national defense • Who should rise up if we have no standing army? • The militia created 1780s • Grew into the National Guard and the Reserve Forces

  4. Policy • Evolved as official policy in 1970s • Aug 1970—The Total Force Concept was announced by Secretary of Defense Laird • Aug 1973—SECDEF James Schlesinger elevated the Total Force Concept to the Total Force Policy • Objective: Integrate Active and Reserve forces in the most cost-effective manner possible maintain as small an active peacetime force as commitments permit.

  5. Force Modernization • Improved the equipment to state of the art during the 1980s • “First to deploy, first to be equipped.” - DOD Directive 1225.6

  6. Cost Effectiveness • Provides over 35% of Total Force • Provides over 55% of the total US AF flying/combat capability • Only consumes 12 % of AF budget

  7. Cost Efficiency • Other cost-saving benefits (for the Air Force) • No paid leave • No family healthcare • Smaller retirement fund contributions

  8. Reserve Categories • Ready Reserve – Made up of 3 sub-groups • Selected Reserve • Individual Ready Reserve • Inactive National Guard • Standby Reserve • Retired Reserve

  9. Selected Reserve • Units and individuals designated as essential to wartime missions and prepared for active duty with 72hr notice • Have priority for training, equipment, and personnel • Individual Mobilization Augmentees (IMAs) • Air Force Reserve category only • Not attached to an organized Reserve unit • Assigned to active duty components * Selected Reserve part of Ready Reserve

  10. Individual Ready Reserve • Pool of pre-trained individuals who: • Served in Active units or Selected Reserve • Have military service obligation (MSO) remaining • About 45,000 Guard and Reserve personnel • Eligible for involuntary service * Individual Ready Reserve is part of Ready Reserve

  11. Inactive National Guard • Do not train • Are not attached to active units

  12. Standby Reserve • Reservist who maintain their military affiliation in one of two statuses and have key federal or state jobs that are crucial to national security (also defense industry) • Active status: Voluntarily participate in training for retirement but receive no pay. Eligible for promotion. • Inactive status: Not authorized to participate in for retirement points and cannot be promoted. Often hardship or health issues but maintain military status because of skills the military may need in the future. • They are subject recall only under full mobilization.

  13. Retired Reserve • Personnel who receive retired pay (AD/Reserve) or are placed in retirement status but have not yet reached age 60 • All may be recalled to active duty by the appropriate service Secretary

  14. Air National Guard • Dual Mission • State • Protect Life and Property • Peace and Order • Civil Defense • Federal • Support USAF Missions • Train for Wartime

  15. Citizen Airmen The Total Force

  16. Air National GuardDual Chain Non-Federalized State Control State Governor State Adjutants General Federalized President SEC Defense SEC Army SEC Air Force Chief of Staff Chief of Staff Chief, NGB Director, ARNG Director, ANG State Air Guard Units

  17. Duty Status Comparison

  18. National Guard Personnel • Drill Status (Traditional) Guardsmen • 67% of force • Typically enlist for 6 years • Minimum of one unit training assembly (UTA) a month and 15 days annual training • Average 4 months additional time beyond annual commitment ( post 9/11…21 days prior to 9/11)

  19. National Guard Personnel • Full time Guardsmen • 33% of total Guard force • Air Technicians • Full-time Civil Service employees • Active Guard/Reserve (AGR) personnel • Same areas as Technicians, but full benefits • Active Duty Component personnel • AF personnel assigned to Guard units (advisors) • Active Duty for Training • Traditional Guardsmen temporarily on AD for training

  20. Air Force Reserves Secretary of the Air Force Chief of Staff, Air Force Commander Air Force Reserve Command Air Reserve Personnel Center Denver. CO 22d Air Force Dobbins ARB, GA 4th Air Force March AFB, CA 10th Air Force NAS JRB Ft Worth, TX

  21. Total Force • Provides over 55% of total US AF Combat Capability • Only consumes 12 % of AF budget • Missions have increased to a steady state of 46 million mandays since 9-11

  22. Accessibility • Full mobilization • Partial mobilization • Presidential Selected Reserve Call-Up • Volunteers

  23. Full Mobilization • Gives access to the full Ready Reserve • Requires a declaration of war by Congress or designation of national emergency • Duration of Conflict plus 6 months

  24. Partial Mobilization • 1,000,000 members of the Ready Reserve • Up to 24 months • President must declare a national emergency

  25. Presidential Selected Reserve Call-Up • Up to 200,000 personnel • Up to 270 days • President must notify Congress

  26. Volunteers George Washington Chester Alan Arthur Thomas Jefferson Benjamin Harrison James Madison William McKinley James Monroe Theodore Roosevelt Andrew Jackson Harry S. Truman William H. Harrison George W. Bush John Tyler James Knox Polk Franklin Pierce James Buchanan Abraham Lincoln Ulysses Simpson Grant 20 Presidents Rutherford Birchard Hayes James Abram Garfield • Provide the majority of personnel in times of war and peace

  27. Increasing Tempo (number of deployments) 1953-1990 (38 Years) 1991-2011 (20 Years) 120/81 10/10 For AFR/ANG 077

  28. A Balanced Lifestyle: Typical Civilian • Vacation • Sick Leave • Weekends • Holidays 144 221 Play = 144 Days Work = 221 Days 058

  29. Reservists Support Commitments 84 Play = 84 Days 281 Work = 221 Days Support = 60 Days 059

  30. Aircrew Commitments 21 Play = 21 Days Work = 221 Days 344 Aircrew = 123 Days 060

  31. Points to Remember • Reserve Categories • Ready Reserves • Standby • Retired • Chain of Command • ANG vs. AFRC • Accessibility • Full/Partial Mobilization • Presidential Selected Reserve Call-up • Volunteers

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