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Reconstruction Reading Guide

Reconstruction Reading Guide. Historians are still debating whether Reconstruction was a success or a failure. Consider the following aspects of Reconstruction…. The Reconstruction Plans. Lincoln (10% Plan) Pardon all Confederates except high ranking officers

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Reconstruction Reading Guide

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  1. Reconstruction Reading Guide Historians are still debating whether Reconstruction was a success or a failure. Consider the following aspects of Reconstruction…

  2. The Reconstruction Plans Lincoln (10% Plan) • Pardon all Confederates except high ranking officers • Only 10% of a states population had to swear an oath of allegiance for the entire state to be admitted to the Union

  3. The Reconstruction Plans Johnson (Presidential Reconstruction) • States withdraw their secession and swear allegiance to the Union • Annul Confederate debt • Ratify the 13th Amendment

  4. The Reconstruction Plans The Radical Republicans (Congressional Reconstruction) • A majority of the State’s population would have to swear an oath of allegiance • States would have to ratify the 14th amendment • Most confederate leaders would not be allowed to hold political office • Punished states who prevented portions of their citizens from voting

  5. The Black Codes • Sign one-year labor contracts • Cannot travel without a permit • Cannot be unemployed • Cannot carry weapons • Cannot serve on a jury • Cannot testify against a white person • Cannot marry a white person • Cannot own land in some places

  6. The “Civil War Ammendments” • 13th Amendment (1865) • Outlawedslavery • 14th Amendment (1866) • Grantedcitizenship • 15th Amendment (1869) • Provided the right to vote

  7. Scalawags and Carpetbaggers Scalawags A Southerner who helped with the process of Reconstruction Seen by many as a “race traitor” Carpetbaggers A Northerner who went south to “help” with the process of Reconstruction Exploit the people or gain political office

  8. Challenges faced by former slaves • Unable to read or write • No place to live • No possessions (clothes, shoes, tools, ect.) • No way to feed or clothe family • No skills other than farming • Unable to reunite their families • Living in a society that hated them

  9. Sharecropping and Tenant Farming Sharecropping • Did not pay to work the land • Gave a large portion of crop to landowner • Had to “buy” tools and seed Tenant Farming • Rented the land for cash • Keep all profits • Could eventually buy a piece of land

  10. Intimidation by the Ku Klux Klan • Cross burning and public displays of hatred • Violence: Beatings and Lynching • Theft and destruction of property: Burning homes and crops • Preventing African-Americans from voting

  11. Economic pressures faced by African-Americans • Had no skills • Could not get hired • Could not start businesses • White boycotts • Large debts

  12. Northern support for Reconstruction fades • Recession of 1873 • Cost • Soldiers stationed far from home • Not working well • Democrats gained more political power: “Redeem” the South • Country wants to forget that horrible war

  13. “Home Rule” and the Compromise of 1877 • Democrats won the popular vote • Republicans won the Electoral College They made a deal… • A Republican (Rutherford B. Hayes) would be President, IF… • The Federal Government would get out of the South What do you think happened?

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