1 / 17

Designing community-based adaptation actions - examples from Eastern Himalaya

Designing community-based adaptation actions - examples from Eastern Himalaya. Sangeeta Agarwal 16 November 2011. Vulnerability Assessment for Adaptation Practices. Vulnerability assessment (VA) involves analysis of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity of a system.

toki
Télécharger la présentation

Designing community-based adaptation actions - examples from Eastern Himalaya

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Designing community-based adaptation actions - examples from Eastern Himalaya SangeetaAgarwal 16 November 2011

  2. Vulnerability Assessment for Adaptation Practices • Vulnerability assessment (VA) involves analysis of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity of a system. • VA act as useful tool for identifying adaptation strategies for specific vulnerable groups and areas. Macro – level Vulnerability Assessment (incl. future projection) Detailed Vulnerability Assessment at field level using PRA Adaptation Pilot Projects

  3. Vulnerability Assessment - Sikkim • South Sikkim – most Vulnerable • East Sikkim - High Adaptive Capacity • Climate - data shows fluctuation; only minor increase in temp. & winter rainfall • PRAs – erratic rainfall but heavy in shorter duration • Future climate projections predict larger changes at the end of century (2070 to 2100s) as compared to near future (2040) – - decrease in rainfall; - increase in surface temp.

  4. Ecosystem Vulnerability - Sikkim • South Sikkim high on sensitivity index • dependence on rainfed agriculture & monsoon dependent water sources • Forest quality deteriorating • % of degraded forest increasing. • Similar trend observed in Protected areas. • Hydropower & road building • Firewood still used widely • specially for space heating. • Water sources decline • Phenological changes reported • (Rhododendron and Prunus sp.) • Shift in range of some crops to higher elevation (e.g., Ginger) • Decrease in yield/quality of crops • (potato, ginger, chilly) as well as oranges and orchids

  5. Ensuring rural water security

  6. Springshed Restoration • Spring shed conservation work piloted with State Government support • Increased spring discharge; enhanced soil moisture & vegetation cover • Spring discharge increase by 100% (Mallagiridhara, Sumbuk, Melli) to 400% (NunthaleyDhara, Deythang, Kaluk) • Downstream dhara users & upstream land-owners benefitted

  7. Learnings • Role of state government in mainstreaming through linking with existing schemes - Scaled up by the government to 500+ springs across the state through the MGNREGA programme • Getting the right technical partners and building local capacity (barefoot engineers) • Importance of identifying the infiltration zones as opposed to simple catchment area treatment

  8. Alternate Energy • Objective: Reduce fuelwood use for water heating • Two pilot locations in East Sikkim District, • Gnathang (14,000 ft)and Zaluk (12000 ft) • Proximity to Red Panda habitat (Pangolakha Wildlife Sanctuary) • High dependence on fuel wood and bamboo • Solar Water Heaters • 4 community systems installed • 300 lpd (1) & 200 lpd (3) • Domestic use – washing, bathing; women benefit • Frequent bursting of Pipes – technology concern

  9. Alternate Energy • Space Heating • Objective: Reduce fuelwood use for space heating • Use solar passive architecture concepts and locally available insulation material in building design in East Sikkim District, Sikkim • Retrofitting existing houses, Gnathang village – 14,000 ft • New Prototype construction for FD Ranger’s hut, Kupup village – 13,000 ft • Improvements in the design of local bukharis to enhance efficiency

  10. Learnings • Despite some rough edges, solar water heaters can work at high altitudes • Local capacity building and management key to success, for community systems. Women primary beneficiaries • Government identifying Energy as a priority issue esp. in high altitude remote areas; Mainstreaming through State Action Plan on Climate Change

  11. Western Arunachal Landscape (WAL) • Includes 2 districts – Tawang and West Kameng • Changes in forest cover (80% land area) impacts local livelihoods • Dense forests declining • Climate - Shift in rainfall patterns and warmer winters • Hydropower & infrastructure development seriously affecting water & forest resources

  12. Landuse Projection- Upward Shift in tree line- Decline in grass production In Alpine meadows

  13. Community Conserved Areas – enhancing ecological resilience • CCAs are forests owned & managed by local communities • Maintaining these forests can contribute to increased resilience to climate change • Thembang Bapu (312 sq.km) & Pangchen-Lumpo-Muchat (98 sq.km) Community Conserved Areas set up • WWF aims to increase the extent of CCAs as a ‘safety net’ for future climate adaptation

  14. Community Conserved Areas - Building Community Resilience Community Based Tourism

  15. Alternative Energy Pilots • Solar Water heaters at campsites and home stays in 2 villages – Thembang & Lumpo Muchat • Solar Street Lights (12) • Yak dung – pine leaf briquettes (thermal efficiency of 27%)

  16. Learnings • Community ownership of land • Clear linkages between income generation and forest conservation • Long association and local team in place • Political support • Potential of scaling up at a state level to include all community owned areas above 300m

  17. Thank you

More Related