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New Testament

In this exploration of Paul's teachings in Romans, we examine the theological implications of humanity's condemnation under sin and the transformative power of faith in Jesus Christ. Both Gentiles and Jews are shown to stand guilty under the law, yet God provides righteousness through faith. We discuss key concepts such as justification, propitiation, and the eschatological tension between the "already" and "not yet" aspects of salvation. This study aims to illustrate how believers transition from their old selves in Adam to a new life in Christ, shaping their moral and spiritual identity.

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New Testament

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  1. New Testament BCM 103Dr. Dave MathewsonGordon College/Denver Seminary

  2. Paul’s Argument • Diagnosis – all humanity (Gentile and Jew) stand condemned under sin (1.17-3.20). Both have disobeyed the “law.” • Romans 6:1ff –possible objection, if by grace shall we not keep on sinning? • Faith must move to new life • Good works do manifest that one is of the people of God

  3. Paul’s Argument • Prognosis – God has acted to address this problem through a righteousness that come through faith in Jesus Christ (3.20ff) • New perspective: old-Jews, new-Gentiles • Paul’s use of law=OT Law of Moses, no longer plays a role for standing before God • Sin is what we are in bondage to

  4. Theological terms • Propitiation: averts and turns away God’s wrath • Septuagint (LXX) uses the same word for “propitiation” for “mercy seat” • Now just not to make sinners righteous • How can make these righteous but still himself be just and righteous?—not a waving of the requirements, not lowering standards they are met in Christ

  5. A Day in Court! • Background of Justification: the law court/legal; God as the judge of the world • Meaning: to declare someone in a right relationship; innocent or wrongdoing; vindicated

  6. The Eschatological Tension in Paul • The “Already:” who we are in Christ • Romans 6:1-10 • The “Not Yet:” what we have yet to become in Christ • Romans 6:11-23

  7. Old Person, New Person In Adam Sin Death Law In Christ Righteousness Life H.S.

  8. Other Tensions • Indicative (already): who we are in Christ • Imperative (not yet): what we have yet to become in Christ

  9. A Letter to a Church in Corinth

  10. City of Corinth • Location • Greece: two parts: Macedonia/Achaia • City of Corinth: best and worst of Greco-Roman culture • Known for wealth, prosperous • Morally: known for sexual morality, cultic

  11. 1 Corinthians • How many letters did Paul write to Corinth? 1st=2nd; 2nd=4th • 1 Cor 5.9 –refers to letter before our 1 Cor. • The severe letter of 2 Corinthians

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