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Battle of the Bulge Dec. 1944-Jan. 1945

Battle of the Bulge Dec. 1944-Jan. 1945 . Yalta Conference February 1945. Held in the Soviet Union *present day Ukraine Discussed Post WWII goals: Divide Germany into 4 zones Allied occupied WEST Stalin/USSR the EAST

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Battle of the Bulge Dec. 1944-Jan. 1945

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  1. Battle of the Bulge Dec. 1944-Jan. 1945

  2. Yalta Conference February 1945 • Held in the Soviet Union *present day Ukraine • Discussed Post WWII goals: • Divide Germany into 4 zones • Allied occupied WEST • Stalin/USSR the EAST • Stalin PROMISED to hold free elections Poland, and not enforce Communism • Stalin would pledge help in war against Japan in the Pacific • Discussed creation of UNITED NATIONS and a SECURITY COUNCIL

  3. FDR DIES • Thursday April 12, 1945 • Dies of a brain hemorrhage. Harry S. Truman is sworn in as president

  4. Mussolini is executed in Milan - April 29, 1945, ordered by Communists leaders in Italy

  5. Hitler commits suicide • To make sure what happened to Mussolini didn’t happen to him, Hitler and his mistress (newly married) commit suicide in his bunker on April 30, 1945

  6. Nuremberg Trials • Trial for crimes against humanity (Holocaust and genocide) • 22 Nazi officials on trial • Condemned to either life in prison or execution

  7. May 8th 1945 V-E DAY!

  8. Potsdam Conference Berlin:July, 1945 • The United States has the Atomic Bomb • Allies agree Germany is to be divided into occupation zones • Poland given • to the Soviets • Tensions GROW between • USSR and the USA P.M. Clement President Joseph Atlee Truman Stalin

  9. Atomic Bomb

  10. Manhattan Project -Need for Greater Speed • Project for building the Atomic Bomb 1942-1946 operations • Led by physicist Robert J. Oppenheimer • Developed in part by Einstein

  11. Fat Man – weighed 10,200 pounds (over 5 tons) 10 feet long

  12. Little Boy weighed 9,000 pounds- first bombed dropped, August 6, 1945 on Hiroshima

  13. TESTING- “The Gadget” similar in size to Fat Man, tested in New Mexico

  14. Debate about the use of the A-Bomb • Against • Dwight D. Eisenhower • “I had been conscious of a feeling of depression and so I voiced my grave misgivings, first on the basis of my belief that Japan was already defeated and that dropping the bomb was completely unnecessary, and second because I thought that our country should avoid shocking world opinion by the use of a weapon whose employment was, I thought, no longer mandatory as a measure to save American lives. It was my belief that Japan was, at that very moment, seeking some way to surrender with a minimum loss of 'face.' The Secretary was deeply perturbed by my attitude, almost angrily refuting the reasons I gave for my quick conclusions." • For • Secretary of War Henry Stimson • "But this deliberate, premeditated destruction was our least abhorrent alternative. The destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki put an end to the Japanese war. It stopped the fire raids, and the strangling blockade; it ended the ghastly specter of a clash of great land armies. In this last great action of the Second World War we were given final proof that war is death."

  15. More debate… • FOR • US Secretary of State James Byrne 1945 • “Any weapon that would bring an end to the war and save a million casualties among American boys was justified….” • Use of the bomb according to Russian views • “The purpose of the bombings was to intimidate other countries about all the Soviet Union. In other words, the US decision to use the atomic energy for military purposes was meant to produce a diplomatic and psychological impact, and this has since involved the world in a nuclear arms race.”

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