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The Pharmaceutical Treatment of Acne Vulgaris

The Pharmaceutical Treatment of Acne Vulgaris. Lashaundra Ponder Clayton State University. What is Acne Vulgaris?. Occurs when pores in the skin become clogged Whitehead Blackhead Swollen, Red Bumps Bacteria Propionibacterium acnes. Who Does Acne Effect?.

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The Pharmaceutical Treatment of Acne Vulgaris

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  1. The Pharmaceutical Treatment of Acne Vulgaris Lashaundra Ponder Clayton State University

  2. What is Acne Vulgaris? • Occurs when pores in the skin become clogged • Whitehead • Blackhead • Swollen, Red Bumps • Bacteria • Propionibacterium acnes

  3. Who Does Acne Effect? • 45 million cases reported in the United States • Appears in: • Teenagers (peak at age15-18) • Infants • Adults

  4. Triggers • Hormonal changes • Oily cosmetics and hair products • Drugs • Steroids • Testosterone • Estrogen • Phenytoin • High levels of humidity and sweating

  5. Treatments of acne • Vary based on the level of severity • Mild – topically, OTC drugs • Moderate – Combines the use of OTC drugs with short term use of antibiotics • Severe – employs isotretinoin therapy • Over $1 billion spent annually

  6. Treatments • Scrubs (contain ground fruit pits and aluminum oxide) • Essential Oil – Tea tree oil • Retinols –derivatives of vitamin K • Photodynamic Therapy • Cleansers • Benzoyl Peroxide • Salicylic Acid – 0.05% to 0.5%

  7. Benzoyl peroxide • Peroxide • Effective in acne treatment due to: • Keratolytic – reduce lesions, skin flakes • Comedolytic – unclog pores • Antibacterial – reduce acne causing bacteria (P. acnes) • Side Effects • Generally mild • Irritation due to dryness • Scaling

  8. Mechanism: Benzoyl peroxide

  9. Salicylic acid • Beta-hydroxy acid • Comes from the bark of the willow tree • Can penetrate the epidermis • Method of Action: • Comedolytic • Exfoliative • Anti-inflammatory • Side effects similar to benzoyl peroxide

  10. Mechanism: Salicylic Acid • Lipid soluble • As it penetrates the skin, it neutralizes bacteria inside the pores and cleans out skin cells (dead and built-up). • Reduces pore diameter • Promotes the growth of new cells

  11. Questions ?

  12. references "Acne." Acne vulgaris; Cystic acne; Pimples; Zits. 2011. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001876/>. Andersen, Jenna. "Baby Acne, Blue Eyes, and Belly Button." That Wife. April, 30 2010. Web. 26 Oct. 2012. <http://thatwifeblog.com/2010/04/30/baby- acne-blue-eyes-and-belly-button/>. Decker, Ashley and Graber, Emmy. (2012) Over-the-counter Acne Treatments a Review, The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology. 5(5) pp. 32- 40. Grimes, P.E. (1999) The Safety and Efficacy of Salicylic Acid Chemical Peels in Darker Racial-ethnic Groups. DermatolSurg. 25: pp.18-22

  13. References (CONT’D) Hyun-Mi, Kim. (2002) “BENZOYL PEROXIDE CAS N°: 94-36-0.” UNEB Publications. pp. 1-110. <http://www.chem.unep.ch/irptc/sids/oecdsids/BENZOYLPER.pdf>. U.S. Census Population Clock. Accessed: Nov. 11, 2012 <http://www.census.gov/main/www/popclock.html>. WebMD “Acne Vulgaris-Topic Overview." What is acne?. (2011): Web. 26 Oct. 2012. <http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and- treatments/acne/acne-vulgaris-topic-overview>. Whitney, Kristen and Detri, Cherie. (2011) Management Strategies for Acne Vulgaris, Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology. 4: pp. 41-53.

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