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An Overview of Disability: an international context

An Overview of Disability: an international context. NDR Colloquium, The Media Centre, Llandrindod Wells 6 th May, 2011 Sian Tesni – CBM Wales Country Manager / CBM Cymru Rheolwr Cenedlaethol. Content. Disability – International facts and figures Categories of disability

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An Overview of Disability: an international context

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  1. An Overview of Disability: an international context NDR Colloquium, The Media Centre, Llandrindod Wells 6th May, 2011 Sian Tesni – CBM Wales Country Manager / CBM Cymru Rheolwr Cenedlaethol

  2. Content • Disability – International facts and figures • Categories of disability • Prevention, Education and Rehabilitation • How and lessons learnt • Disability and MDGs

  3. International 650 million • This means 10 % of world population • 80% live in low-income countries • most are poor and have limited or no access to basic services, including rehabilitation

  4. Definition: • Traditionally a medical problem or health condition - which needed treatment. The individual’s problem • Nowadays a social model. All involved in breaking down prejudice e.g. person with Hearing Impairment – communication • Twin track approach – joint responsibility and advocacy

  5. Hearing Vision Mental Physical

  6. Categories related to disability (1): Prevention of blindness Low vision Prevention of the causes of deafness Audiology and Speech Therapy Orthopaedic Surgery Physiotherapy

  7. Categories related to disability (2): • Mental Health • Intellectual Impairment • Deafblindness • Multiple disabilities • Mental Health • Maternal Health e.g. Fistula • Emergency and Disaster • HIV Aids • CBR Women with disabilities are even more disadvantage

  8. Ways of working: • Prevention • Education • Rehabilitation • Empowerment and Advocacy

  9. The challenge To build and promote an inclusive world in which all persons with disabilities enjoy their human rights and achieve their full potential.

  10. Three steps • Support health care for existing disabilities and prevention of conditions leading to disability • Improve access to health care, education and rehabilitation services • Mainstream disability into all aspects of development and empower persons with disabilities to take an active role in their communities through inclusion in development projects and involvement in community initiatives.

  11. Global Statistics: Physical disability An estimated 30 million people globally have an orthopaedic condition that impairs their mobility.

  12. Club foot identified at birth in Rwanda

  13. Blind and Low Vision • 47 million blind people – now 39!! • 124 million with low vision, • 75% of all blindness is avoidable • 90% of all avoidable blindness occurs in developing countries. • 7 million live in Africa

  14. Deaf and Hard of Hearing • Estimated 600 million. • 2/3 live in developing countries (WHO). • Deafness has a great impact in these low-income countries because of a lack of services, equipment, understanding and trained people. • 4 million PHI in South Africa (Statistics South Africa, 1998)

  15. Special and Inclusive Education

  16. Ear Screening programmes

  17. Psychosocial conditions – Mental Health • 450 million affected • 25% of individuals develop one or more psychosocial disabilities at some stage in life. • Because of various reasons, including lack of medication, knowledge and medical services, psychosocial conditions are more prevalent in low income than in wealthy countries.PTSD; Depression, Psychosis; Epilepsy • Indonesia – 1,000 Aceh

  18. Africa: General • Wales 23% of people experience some sort of disability. • Africa the numbers of young children experiencing some form of disability can be as high as 30% or more. • Not seen • Negative attitudes • Prejudice • Custom beliefs and superstitions • Abused • In some situations their civil rights and needs are not recognised by the communities in which they live. • Women with disabilities most affected

  19. CBR • ILO, UNESCO and WHO Joint Position Paper 1994 • Community Based Rehabilitation • Involving people with disabilities, and their families, within the communities themselves • CBR is implemented through the combined efforts of disabled people themselves, their families and communities, and the appropriate health, education, vocational and social services.

  20. One way for CBR • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7AMZP-pHhjk&NR=1 • New CBR guidelines launched in Abuja, Nigeria 2010 • www.cbm.org/New_CBR_guidelines_launched_at_Abuja_Conference- 272070.php

  21. How can we do this work? What are the lessons learnt? A self-help group in Cambodia

  22. North to South South to South Listen Collaborate Grassroots Community Leaders Local and National Government International

  23. Livelihood and micro financing

  24. Emergency and Disaster work

  25. MDGs

  26. Disability and MDGs • Disability was not included within the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and yet 82% of people with disabilities live below the poverty line in developing countries.

  27. Consider: Who is disabled?

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