550 M EURO investment need for harmonization Serbian waste management and EU landfill Directive

1. 550 M EURO investment need for harmonization Serbian waste management and EU landfill Directive John Glazebrook, Arunas Kundrotas, Srdjan Radovic, Goran Vujic ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

2. Directive Specific Implementation Plan (DSIP) for justification for transitional periods for Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

3. Corresponding White Papers • WP 1. Landfill Cover Options in the Republic of Serbia • WP 3. Methodology for Performance of Investigation Works and Assessment of Risks at Waste Dumps and Landfills to Determine Proper RecultivationMethod • Cost assessment for closure ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

4. Number of non-compliant landfills according to regions ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

5. Closing landfills • 3582 landfills and dumpsites • Directive establishes requirements for closing • Possible to reduce requirements = costs based on risk assessment • Assessed risk for 214 landfills: • High risk – 141 • Medium risk - 71 • Low risk - 2 • Includes all municipal landfills, as well as the dumpsites bigger than 10 000 m3 ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

6. Recultivation options • Different recultivation regimes proposed for following groups of landfills: • Landfills below 1,000 m3 • Landfills from 1,001 m3 to 10,000 m3 • Landfills from 10,001 m3 to 100,000 m3 • Landfills above 100,000 m3 • Options: • Waste loading and removal to landfills to be closed with appropriate cover • Covering with simple earth cover • Covering with earth cover and water impermeable layer without gas drainage layer • Covering with earth cover and water impermeable layer including gas drainage layer ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

7. Cost of closure of landfills according to stages during period 2014 - 2028 ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

8. Activities • National plan for biodegradable waste to be developed • Need for implementation dates complying with reduction targets: • Not later than five years after ??? biodegradable municipal waste going to landfills must be reduced to 75 % of the total amount of biodegradable municipal waste produced in 1995 • Not later than eight years 50 % • Not later than 15 years 35 % • Composting is assumed as cheapest solution for the DSIP development ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

9. Corresponding White Papers • WP 2. Typical components for the Regional Waste Management System in the Republic of Serbia • Cost assessment of new infrastructure components ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

10. RWMS components. First phase • Sanitary landfill - first cell (5-7 ha) of landfill body • Transfer stations - where economically feasible • Primary separation - separation into two fractions (dry and wet, two containers system) • Collection system – trucks • Secondary separation - separation plant for secondary separation of pre-sorted waste(one per region) • Composting - one site per region • Recycling sites – one recycling site per municipality • Close of non compliant landfills ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

11. RWMS components. Necessary and optional • Sanitary landfill - first cell (5-7 ha) of landfill body • Transfer stations - where economically feasible • Primary separation - separation into two fractions (dry and wet, two containers system) • Secondary separation - separation plant for secondary separation of pre-sorted waste(one per region) • Composting - one site per region • Recycling sites – one recycling site per municipality • Close of non compliant landfills ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

12. Elements of RWMS infrastructure

13. Costs of elements of RWMS infrastructure

14. Managing costs of implementation • 550 MEUR • Main factors to consider: • Implementation time • Phases for implementation • Extent and quality of new infrastructure ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

15. Time management • Total costs 550 MEUR • National Waste Management Strategy implementation deadline 2019 (for both new infrastructure and closure) • Remaining 6 years (2014 – 2019) • 92 MEUR/year • NEAS - 2019 membership date • + 9 years as transitional period (2014- 2028) • 550 MEUR : 15 years = 37 MEUR/year ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

16. Phased approach • 550 MEUR = 300 MEUR (new infrastructure) + 250 MEUR (closure of non-compliant sites) • Closure of landfills and dumpsites is not required by date of accession and it is not strict requirements in the negotiating position • Possible choices when to address closing component: • During second stage after the new landfill is established? • In package with establishment of the new landfill? • Move closing to later stage and not to consider financing such costs from 2014 – 2020 financial perspective • Etc. ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

17. Phased approach • 300 MEUR • 300 MEUR : 6 years = 50 MEUR/year • 300 MEUR : 15 years = 20 MEUR/year • Postponing major closure costs and dealing only with prevention of disposal (fencing, supervision, enforcement) ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG

18. Extend and quality of new infrastructure • Costs will increase if to aim for more sophisticated equipment or increasing number of components • MBT instead of separation line of presorted waste • Increasing number of transfer stations, recycling or composting sites • Current calculation includes simplest solutions ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PROGRAMME (EISP) SIDA – MEDEP – IMG