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Positive Deviance Approach For Behavior & Social Change Funded through the Ford Foundation Tufts University

Positive Deviance Approach For Behavior & Social Change Funded through the Ford Foundation Tufts University. The P o w e r of Positive Deviance. Solutions before our very eyes. The Premise:.

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Positive Deviance Approach For Behavior & Social Change Funded through the Ford Foundation Tufts University

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  1. Positive Deviance Approach For Behavior & Social Change Funded through the Ford Foundation Tufts University

  2. The P o w e rof Positive Deviance Solutions before our very eyes The Premise: In every community there are certain individuals whose uncommon practices/behaviors enable them to find better solutions to problems than their neighbors who have access to the same resources

  3. Positive Deviance (PD) Approach • Identifying Solutions to Community Problems Within the Community Today What enables some members of the community (the “Positive Deviants”) to find better solutions to pervasive problems than their neighbors who have access to the same resources? The Key Question?

  4. Positive Deviance Inquiry Establishes community behavioral norms related to the problem to be addressed Enables community to discover successful uncommonbehaviors/ strategies practiced by the Positive Deviants

  5. Analyzing PD Findings PD Behaviors Behaviors PDI findings are passed through a conceptual “accessibility sieve” Behaviors Only those behaviors/strategies accessible to all are kept Accessible to All The rest are “TBU,” True but Useless (i.e. not accessible to all) and are discarded

  6. Focus on PD Behavior • We can’t (yet) clone people • But we canadopt their successful behaviors/strategies

  7. PD Focus on Practice Rather than Knowledge “It’s easier to ACT your way into a new way of THINKING, than to THINK your way into a new way of ACTING”

  8. PD Enables us to Act TODAY Although most problems have complex, interlinked underlying causes . . . The presence of Positive Deviants demonstrates that it is possible to find successful solutions TODAY before all the underlying causes are addressed!

  9. D The FourDs of Positive Deviance Approach D D

  10. Define Define Define • Define the problem, its perceived causes and related current practices (situation analysis) • Define what a successful outcome would look like (described as a behavioral or status outcome)

  11. Determine • Determine if there are any individuals or entities in community who ALREADY exhibit desired behavior or status (PD identification)

  12. Discover • Discover uncommon practices/behaviors enabling the PDs to outperform/find better solutions to the problem than others in their “community”

  13. esign D • Design and implement intervention enabling others in “community” to access and PRACTICE new behaviors (focus on “doing” rather than transfer of knowledge)

  14. Positive Deviance Process Design Discover Determine Define

  15. Traditional vs PD Problem Solving Approach PD Flows from identification and analysis of successful solution to problem solving Traditional Flows from problem analysis towards solution Actual Problem Parameters Fixed Solution Space Actual Problem Parameters Expanded Solution Space Expanded Solution Space Perceived Problem Parameters Perceived Problem Parameters Perceived Problem Parameters Actual Problem Parameters

  16. PD: Crossing The “Knowledge/Behavior Change Gap” • Social proof • Perceived advantage • Opportunity for practice Behavior change Knowledge

  17. TRADITIONAL Externally Fueled (by “experts” or internal authority) Top-down, Outside-in Deficit Based “What’s wrong here?” Begins with analysis of underlying causes of PROBLEM Solution Space limited by perceivedproblem parameters Triggers Immune System “defense response” POSITIVE DEVIANCE Internally Fueled (by “people like us”, same culture and resources) Down-up, Inside-out Asset Based “What’s right here?” Begins with analysis of demonstrably successful SOLUTIONS Solution Space enlarged through discovery of actual parameters Bypasses Immune System (solution shares same “DNA” as host) TRADITIONAL VS POSITIVE DEVIANCE PROBLEM SOLVING APPROACH

  18. PD and Attributes Dictating “Speed of Adoption of Innovation” Diffusion Attributes relative advantage compatibility complexity triability observability Everett Rogers “Diffusion of Innovation” PD Behavior Innovation identified as “advantageous” created within cultural context Requires no special resources opportunity to practice through PDI and personal experience

  19. PD & The Diffusion of Innovation Life-Cycle Communityparticipatesin discovery of innovation Thereby jumping the “early adopters/early majority” chasm Geoffrey A Moore. Crossing the Chasm.

  20. Current Applications of Positive Deviance

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