1. Latino/Hispanic Families • Hispanic--of Spain/Portugal.  Can also be used to refer to people who are Spanish speaking. • Percentage of population • Proportion of Hispanic population - Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Cuban

2. Latino Families and Education • Education valued but other needs more pressing • Parenting styles and academic achievement (e.g., Dornbusch et al.,1987)

3. Latino Families - Education • Familism and academic achievement (Baca-Zinn) • Demographic • Structural • Behavioral • Normative

4. Other Hispanic Commonalities • Language • Religion • Conservative attitude toward courtship • Racial tolerance • Respeto • Educaciόn • Fictive Kin, Godparents

5. Hispanic Families – Parenting Styles • Parenting described as both strict and permissive • Why? Possibilities: • Age • Contradiction only from mainstream perspective • Domain may be important

6. Language Brokering • Why don’t they just learn English? • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4

7. Language Brokering - Positives • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4

8. Language Brokering - Negatives • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4

9. Mexican American Families History and Immigration • Patterns of settlers • Immigration patterns and labor • Economics and deportation

10. Mexican American Families • Work and immigration today • Why people come to the USA • Why the USA wants people to come • Important point-situational factors and economic “success” (cultural variant) • Situational factors influence who comes

11. Mexcian American Families • Divorce Rates • Single-Female Families • Extended family • Machismo & Marianismo • Proposition 187 (California)

12. Puerto Rican Families-History • Mixture of cultures • US citizenship 1917 • “Immigration” to Mainland USA • Migration after WWII • Age of immigrants, destination • Implications of citizenship status

13. Puerto-Rican Families – Family Characteristics • Familism and living arrangements   • Fertility • Divorce Rates • Poverty • Single-Female families • Residence

14. Harwood – Research with Puerto Rican families • Socialization of Children: Self-Maximization vs. Proper Demeanor • Socialization Goals • Interactions with Children • Organization of Social Contacts • Developmental Milestones

15. Cuban American Families-History and Immigration • First immigrants came in 1800s • Waves–different numbers mentioned • First wave–1959. • Top SES • Country industrial, modern • Gender relations (enshrined in 1940 constitution)

16. Cuban American Families – History and Immigration • Second Wave (1962-1965). Boats, rafts • Third wave–1965-1973. Reuniting families • Fourth wave. Political castoffs

17. Cuban American Families- Family Characteristics • Role of Extended family • Poverty rates/finances • (Women in workforce, # workers in family, # children) • Fertility rates • Divorce rates (working women; divorce and no-child families) • Single-female families 

18. Cuban American Families- Family Characteristics • Marital patterns • Older ages • Females vs. Males