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U.S. Electoral Process

U.S. Electoral Process. Chapters 7-3, 18, & 19. Step 1: Nomination Nomination Options: Petition—3 rd party nomination method Caucus Primary election Closed Primary Open Primary “Operation Chaos” Semi-open primary Run-off primary. General Election

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U.S. Electoral Process

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  1. U.S. Electoral Process Chapters 7-3, 18, & 19

  2. Step 1: Nomination • Nomination Options: • Petition—3rd party nomination method • Caucus • Primary election • Closed Primary • OpenPrimary • “Operation Chaos” • Semi-open primary • Run-off primary

  3. General Election • Non-Presidential elections— popular vote decides winner • Presidential Races use Electoral College • Elector • # of electors= # of Senators + # of House members • Changes after census every 10 years • 538 total electors—need 270 to win

  4. 2008 Electoral Map J. McCain= Red (173) B. Obama= Blue (365) www.270towin.com

  5. Reasons for Electoral College • Forces candidates out of urban areas • Fear/distrust of American voters

  6. Criticisms of Electoral College • Popular vote winner can lose election • J.Q. Adams (1824) • R.B. Hayes (1876) • G.W. Bush (2000) • Electors can ignore popular vote • 3rd Party candidates can take votes away from major parties Futurama Spoof Simpsons Spoof

  7. Florida recount & “chads”

  8. Important Voting Terms • Suffrage • Secret Ballot • Absentee Ballot

  9. Campaign Finance • 2008 Presidential race cost over $1.8 Billion • Financing Options for Presidential nominees: • Party assistance--$5000 from party • Political Action Committees (interest groups like NRA or PETA)--$5000 • Public Funding--$84 million—cannot accept private donations • Private donations for individuals--$2300 • Pre-2008: donations come from richer donors at expensive fundraisers • New in 2008: online donations SKYROCKET • Barack Obama & Hillary Clinton websites (average $10-$55 million per month) • Donations and spending must be reported to FEC

  10. 527 Organizations • Independent groups • Not allowed to donate ANY money to candidate • May not show support to any candidate • May say anything they want about someone so long as they do not support • Leads to “attack” ads • No limit on how much money they can spend • Swift boat Veterans for Truth • Hillary Clinton “Red Phone” Ad

  11. History of Political Parties • Political Ideology: • Liberal: • Conservative: • Moderate:

  12. Political Spectrum Liberal Moderate Conservative Democrats Republicans Communists Constitutions Socialists Libertarians Greens Reforms

  13. Political Party: • Functions of parties: - - -

  14. Types of Party Systems • One-Party: • Two-Party: • Multi-Party:

  15. Democrats • Founded in 1828 • Historic Presidents: A. Jackson, F. Roosevelt, J. Kennedy, B. Clinton, B. Obama • Party Platform: • Iraq: • National Security: • Fiscal issues: • Social issues:

  16. Republicans • Founded in 1854 • Referred to as “GOP” • Historic Presidents: A. Lincoln, T. Roosevelt, R. Nixon, R. Reagan, G.H.W. Bush, G.W. Bush • Party Platform: • War in Iraq: • National Security: • Fiscal issues: • Social issues:

  17. Federalists (1792-1816) • Historic Presidents: G. Washington • Historic Party Platform: • Passage of Constitution • Supported growth of the Federal government (Big Gov’t) • Supported the Alien & Sedition Acts of late 1790s

  18. Democratic-Republicans (1792-1824) • Historic Presidents: T. Jefferson, J. Madison, J. Monroe • Historic Party Platform: • Strict Constructionists—be sure to define • Supported strengthened state gov’ts • Wanted neutrality in world affairs • Supported policies to help farmers (reduced taxes)

  19. Whigs (1833-1856) • Historic Presidents: W.H. Harrison, J. Tyler, Z. Taylor, M. Fillmore • Historic Party Platform: Splinter Party • Opposed slavery—hypocrytical • Supported the use of gov’t to increase industrial capabilities • Supported use of tariffs • Built roads, canals, and railroads • Promoted public schools, colleges, cultural institutions

  20. Greens • Founded in 1980 • Influential politician—Ralph Nader • Party Platform: Ideological • Environmentalism • Marijuana legalization

  21. Libertarians • Founded in 1971 • Influential politicians—Bob Barr • Party Platform: • Laissez-faire economics • Believe strongly in personal freedoms (speech and sexual) • Abolish “victimless” crimes like prostitution • Fiscal responsibility

  22. Boston “Tea” Party • Reference to the Boston Tea Party • “Taxed Already Enough” • Oppose government sponsored programs that “waste” or require more tax dollars • 18% of Americans identify as “tea party” supporters • Unofficial party—organized use of protests • Splinter group of Republican Party & Libertarian Party

  23. Texas “Primacaucus”

  24. Texas “Primacaucus”

  25. Presidential Primaries/Caucuses • Delegates required—set by parties • Democrats—2024 out of 4047 • “Superdelegates” • Republicans—1191 out of 2381

  26. Add Map of PA delegate districts • Republicans—winner take all delegates • Democrats—proportional delegates

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