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Anaerobic Respiration and Respiratory Quotient

Anaerobic Respiration and Respiratory Quotient . Alternative Energy Sources. Triglycerides (fats) are hydrolyzed into glycerol and then G3P (step 6 in glycolysis) Triglycerides (fats) are broken into 2-C units and bind with CoA  Acetyl- CoA

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Anaerobic Respiration and Respiratory Quotient

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  1. Anaerobic Respirationand Respiratory Quotient

  2. Alternative Energy Sources • Triglycerides (fats) are hydrolyzed into glycerol and then G3P (step 6 in glycolysis) • Triglycerides (fats) are broken into 2-C units and bind with CoA Acetyl-CoA • Fats are great source of energy but take longer to breakdown • More H atoms = more energy • Energy density • Proteins are broken into AA (lose their amino group) and then change into pyruvate or an intermediate step in the citric acid cycle

  3. Aerobic and Anaerobic Reactions • Organism can be: • Strict anaerobes can’t survive in oxygen • Strict aerobes can’t survive without oxygen • Facultative aerobes can survive with or without oxygen • What parts of cellular respiration are aerobic/anaerobic? • Aerobic Krebs cycle/Oxidative Phosphorylation • Anaerobic Glycolysis • Anaerobic Organism can still do glycolysis, but what is left at the end? • pyruvate • Breaking down pyruvate after glycolysis creates different kinds of fermentation

  4. Fermentation • Alcoholic pyruvate is converted into ethanal and then ethanol (alcohol and fuel) • CH3CHO +2H+  C2H5OH • Also releases CO2; used to make bread/cakes raise • Lactic Acid pyruvate is converted into lactate by lactate dehydrogenase • Energy supply in muscles when oxygen runs low • Why is it dangerous to us? • Builds up in cells and lowers pH (acidic) • Causes muscle crams and soreness after working out • Must be removed from the cells and broken down in the liver; 20% changed to CO2and H2O • Oxygen debt O2 needed to remove lactate

  5. How Efficient Are Our Energy Sources? • Respiratory Quotient value based on the ratio of CO2 made to O2 used during respiration • Value also terms if anaerobic or aerobic respiration is occurring • RQ = #mol CO2 / # mol of O2 • Glucose 6/6 = 1.0 • Olive Oil 36/51= 0.7 • Protein 0.9 • Fermentation: • Alcohol <2 • Lactate No value (no CO2 made) • RQ > 1; anaerobic respiration 2 C18H34O2 + 51 O2 36 CO2 + 34 H2O + Energy C6H12O6 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 + Energy C6H12O6 2 C3H6O3 +Energy

  6. Measuring RQ • Respirometer sensitive device to measure O2 consumption by an organism • What variables must we account for? • Temperature • Pressure • Activity level • CO2 produced • CO2 is removed from the air by an absorbent chemical; KOH(aq) • Drop in O2 volume displayed with manometer fluid • How can we measure CO2 production?

  7. Measuring RQ • Remove CO2 absorbing chemical to measure CO2 • RQ = 1; the manometer wont move • What is the energy source? • Carbohydrates • What does it mean if we see an increase in volume? • More CO2 produced • Moving into anaerobic respiration (RQ>1) • What does it mean if we see a drop in volume? • Less CO2 produced • Moving to lipid/protein use (RQ<1)

  8. Practice Problems 1) A compound is burned inside a 1000ml bell jar and the air was analyzed before and after. After the reaction the data showed the amount of O2 dropped 2.7% while the amount of CO2 measured 4ml. What type of organic fuel is this compound? 2) What would be the average RQ for an organism that divides it diet evenly between carbohydrates and fats? • Air is 21% O2 • 21% in 1000ml of air 210ml • 2.7% of 210ml  5.67ml • 4 ml/ 5.6 ml = 0.71  fatty acid • RQ of carbohydrates= 1.0 ; RQ of lipids 0.7 • (1.0 x 0.5) + (0.7 x 0.5) = 0.85

  9. Homework • Respiration review sheet • Questions 15.8 and 15.9 in textbook • Read pages 211-215 • Quizletvocab • Study for quiz on Ch. 16 next week

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