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Packages

Java provides a rich collection of over 2,700 built-in classes, organized into 140 different packages, allowing developers to leverage pre-built objects for various functionalities. This guide demonstrates the importance of using these packages, providing analogies like a doorknob for your door, emphasizing ease of use. Learn how to navigate Java API documentation to import necessary classes and how to define your own packages for modular programming. Example case studies show practical applications, ensuring you can effectively incorporate Java packages in your projects.

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Packages

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  1. Packages Tonga Institute of Higher Education

  2. Pre-Built Objects and Methods Method Name • Java has many pre-built objects for us to use. • Doorknob analogy • We want to add a doorknob to a door. • We could make our own. • But it’s easier to use a pre-built doorknob. • We still need to do work to add the doorknob to our door. • You can find a list of pre-built objects in the Java Developer’s Kit documentation. System.out.println("We Miss Dave!"); Package Parameter

  3. Demonstration Java API Documentation

  4. Organizing Classes • Java comes with over 2,700 different classes for doing different things. • Sun needed a way to organize the classes into groups, they decided to use packages. • A package is a group of related classes.

  5. java awt lang security geom image ref reflect acl spec event Packages • Java contains 140 different packages. • These packages are arranged hierarchically (packages inside of packages).

  6. java awt lang security geom image ref reflect acl spec event Package Names • The name of the package is actually a list of names, separated by periods. java.awt.image;

  7. Using Packages • If you want to use a built-in Java class, first look it up in the Java Application Interface. (API) • You can find the Java API documentation on the course website page. • http://www.tihe.org/courses/it151 This is the API entry for the Graphics class. The package for this class is java.awt.

  8. Using Packages (cont.) • Once you know the package for a class, import it into your program. • To import all classes in a package, use the wild card (*). import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.*;

  9. Case Study: Problem • Michael wants to use the Socket class in his program for Networking. • Which package does he need to include in his program? • What is the line of code he needs to write?

  10. Case Study: Answer • Look up the Socket class in the Java API • Use the import command to include the package: or import java.net.Socket; import java.net.*;

  11. Defining a Package • If you want to make your own package to be used in other programs, define it. • Defining packages can lead to problems compiling your program. • If you have multiple files in your project, make sure they are all defined in the same package. package myprojects.helloworld;

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