Comprehensive Overview of Black Oak (Quercus velutina): Characteristics and Uses
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The Black Oak, or Quercus velutina, is an impressive tree that can reach heights of up to 80 feet, with a straight trunk measuring up to 3.5 feet in diameter. Its deeply rutted black bark and dark green lobed leaves, typically displaying 7-9 lobes, make it easily identifiable. The reddish-brown twigs lead to angular buds and slim, drooping flowers that yield acorns. Commonly found in diverse habitats, the Black Oak is valued for its durability in construction and its use as fence posts and fuel.
Comprehensive Overview of Black Oak (Quercus velutina): Characteristics and Uses
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Black OakQuercusVelutina L. By, Ronnie Booth
Classification Kingdom- Plantae Subkingdom- Tracheobionta Superdivision- Spermatophyta Division- Magnoliophyta Class- Magnoliopsida Subclass- Hamamelididae Order- Fagales Family- Fagceae Genus- Quercus L. Species- QuercusVelutina L.1
Shape, Form, and Type Figure 1- Black Oak Form • The Black Oak can grow up to 80 feet tall and have 3 ½ feet wide trunk. • The trunk is rather straight • The top of the tree is rather round.2
Bark Figure 2- Black Oak Bark The bark of a Black Oak is black and deeply rutted. The inner bark is a yellow or orange color.2
Twig Figure 3- Black Oak Twig • The twigs are slender, nut stout. • The leaves alternate on the twig • The buds are concentrated toward the end • The twig is a reddish to darkish brown color.2
Leaf Figure 4- Black Oak Leaf The leaves alternate on the twig. They are also simple leaves. The leaves have 7-9 lobes with bristled tips. They are a dark green in color.2
Bud Figure 5- Black Oak Bud • The bud of a black oak tree is angular up to ½ inch long. • It is a gray or brownish red in color.2
Flower Figure 6- Black Oak Flower • The flower is slim and droops in groups of 1-4.2
Fruit Figure 7- Black Oak Fruit The fruit of a Black Oak is a acorn. It is up to ¾ inch long. The cap covers less than ½ the acorn.2
Habitat and Range Figure 8- Black Oak Range
Uses Figure 9- Black Oak Fence • It is used in construction, as fence posts, and as a fuel.2
Works Cited 1- USDA, NRCS. 2004. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=QUVE ) National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. Reviewed on 6-23-10. 2- Mohlenbrock, R. H. (n.d.). Black Oak. Forest trees of illinois. Illinois: Illinois Department of Resources Division of Forest Resources.
Figures Cited Figure 1- Black Oak Form No Date Date Retrieved: 6-23-10 http://www.huntersville.org/interactive%20ordinance/IMAGES/BlackOak.jpg Figure 2- Black Oak Bark 2005 Date Retrieved: 6-23-10 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a2/Bark_black_oak_8771.jpg Figure 3- Black Oak Twig 2002, Steven, Baskauf Date Retrieved: 6-23-10 http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/image/q/quve--twbuds13194.htm Figure 4- Black Oak Leaf 2002, Steven, Baskauf Date Retrieved: 6-23-10 http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/image/q/quve--lf13183.htm
Figures Cited Figure 5- Black Oak Bud 2009, Carl Strong Date Retrieved: 6-23-10 http://natureinquiries.files.wordpress.com/2009/04/black-oak-buds-b.jpg Figure 6- Black Oak Flower 2008, Kansas City’s Botanical Garden Date Retrieved: 6-23-10 http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Nzy91WRToMI/SB95udebQFI/AAAAAAAAAr4/HongJspehrc /s320/Black+Oak+bloom.JPG Figure 7- Black Oak Flower Not Dated Date Retrieved: 6-23-10 http://www.oplin.org/tree/fact%20pages/oak_black/fruit.jpg Figure 8- Black Oak Range Not Dated Date Retrieved: 6-23-10 http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=QUVE Figure 9- Black Oak Fence ` Not Dated Date Retrieved: 6-23-10 http://files.posterous.com/gardenfocus/AsGwcJEgoAyEEsHdyoIzJvFBxsfrIpzCIrDJCjAcyleehjfAHztmGhAxmBdk/Gravi ty.jpg.scaled500.jpg?AWSAccessKeyId=1C9REJR1EMRZ83Q7QRG2&Expires=1277335076&Signature=RdME4vkEbI2 m%2FcYVC5Dkp210OGE%3D