D omain

1. Domain 1 3 2 4 Eukarya Archaea Bacteria Kingdom Protista Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Eubacteria Kingdom Archaebacteria Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Animalia

2. Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia Prokaryotes Eukaryotes unicellular multicellular

4. Domain Archaea • - Kingdom Archaebacteria Common characteristics Cell wall with NO peptidoglycan, microscopic Mode of Nutrition Autotroph or heterotroph Live in extreme environments (extremophiles) such as Halococcus which lives in extremely salty water like the Dead Sea, Methanogens. Examples

5. Reproduction: Asexual (Binary fission) ‘Sexual’ through conjugation. Habitat: Harsh, extreme environments such As salt lakes, hot springs (Thermophiles), thermal vents, arctic waters and digestive tract of animals (Methanogens) Harm or use to humans: Those living in the digestive tract of animals help with digestion.

8. Found in hot thermal vents deep under the ocean. Bacteria ‘strain 121’ found in 2003 – ‘hottest’ bacteria to date. Live in water temperatures of up to 121C Hot springs in Yellow Stone National Park Archaebacteria contribute to the bright colors.

9. Domain Bacteria • - Kingdom Eubacteria 3 Basic Shapes – Cocci(Round), Spirilla (spirals) and Bacilli (Rod shaped) Microscopic Contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls. Common characteristics Mode of Nutrition Autotroph (Cyanobacteria) or heterotroph (called pathogens – cause illness Examples E. coli; Salmonella, Streptococci

10. Reproduction: Asexual (Binary fission) ‘Sexual’ – Conjugation – exchange genetic material. Habitat: Anywhere – water, soil, roots of plants, inside living cells. Benefit or harm to humans: Cyanobacteria produces oxygen Source of food – yogurt, pickles, cheeses. Breaks down pollutants – bioremediation Cause disease – Salmonella, E. coli

13. Domain Eukarya • - Kingdom Protista • Junk Drawer Kingdom or • Catch All kingdom • Most diverse Common characteristics Microscopic to very large organisms, plant-like, fungus-like and animal-like species. Animal-like move with cilia, flagella and pseudopodia. Mode of Nutrition Autotroph or heterotroph Fungus-like protists act as decomposers. Examples Slime molds, algae, diatoms, kelp.

14. Protists can be: • Plant-like • animal-like • fungus-like

15. Reproduction: Sexually Asexually – Algae through fragmentation. Habitat: Fresh water, oceans, land. Benefit or harm to humans: Phytoplankton provide oxygen Dinoflagellates cause red tide in oceans. May cause diseases like sleeping sickness Fungus-like protists are decomposers.

16. Domain Eukarya • - Kingdom Fungi Common characteristics cell walls w/ chitin (no chloroplasts), No roots, stems or leaves. Mode of Nutrition Heterotroph,absorption, Some parasitic, other decompose dead matter (saprophytic) Examples Mushrooms, mold, mildew, yeast (unicellular)

19. Reproduction: Unicellular fungi – asexually Through binary fission and budding. Multicellular fungi – sexually Habitat: Soil, air, water Benefit or harm to humans: Main decomposers. Pathogens cause diseases – athlete’s foot Food – mushrooms, yeast to bake bread with.

20. Domain Eukarya • - Kingdom Plantae cell walls w/ cellulose, chloroplasts, Have stems, leaves, roots. Some have seeds and vascular systems. Common characteristics Mode of Nutrition autotrophs Examples Grass, pine trees, oak trees,etc.

21. Reproduction: Mainly sexually – pollen and seeds Some asexually through stems, leaves, roots. Habitat: Land Benefit or harm to humans: Removes CO2 from the air, Produces O2 through photosynthesis. Food source Used to produce clothes, furniture.

23. Domain Eukarya • - Kingdom Animalia Common characteristics No cell walls ; no chloroplasts, 95% of the kingdom are invertebrates. Mode of Nutrition heterotrophs Examples Lions, tigers, bears

24. Reproduction: Sexually Habitat: Land, Fresh water, ocean. Benefit or harm to humans: Insects important for pollination, Some are parasites, Food source Humans are also animals!