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A Special Year for ESO

A Special Year for ESO. 1962 ESO created by five Member States with the goal to build a large telescope in the southern hemisphere This became the 3.6m telescope on La Silla (1976) 2012 15 Member States (~30% of the world ’ s astronomers) Paranal is the world-leading ground-based observatory

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A Special Year for ESO

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  1. A Special Year for ESO • 1962 • ESO created by five Member States with the goal to build a large telescope in the southern hemisphere • This became the 3.6m telescope on La Silla (1976) • 2012 • 15 Member States (~30% of the world’s astronomers) • Paranal is the world-leading ground-based observatory • ALMA (in partnership) has started (early) observations and construction is close to completion (2013) • Approval of 39.3m E-ELT on Armazones

  2. European Southern Observatory • Mission • Develop and operate world-class observing facilities for astronomical research • Organize collaborations in astronomy • Intergovernmental treaty-level organization • Founded in 1962, by 5 countries • Currently 14 Member States, will increase further • Brazil: Accession Agreement signed 29 Dec 2010 • Observatories • Optical/infrared: La Silla and Paranal • Submm: APEX and ALMA partnerships on Chajnantor • HQ in Garching and Vitacura Office in Santiago

  3. ESO’s Sites Garching bei München Chajnantor Paranal La Silla Santiago

  4. La Silla, Paranal, Chajnantor

  5. La Silla • Medium-size telescopes • 3.6m: HARPS for exo-planet searches • 3.5m NTT: EFOSC2, SOFI & visitor instruments • 2.2m in partnership with Max Planck Society • Visitor mode only; fewer than 20 staff members • Small telescopes • Closed/funded externally • Include robotic telescopes (REM, TAROT, TRAPPIST)

  6. Paranal

  7. Paranal Residencia ‘La Perla de las Dunas’

  8. Chajnantor APEX OSF OSF • APEX • 12m sub-millimeter antenna • Operated by ESO @ Sequitor • MPG (50%), Sweden (23%) and ESO (27%) • ALMA • Transformational science • 66 antennas at 5050m (AOS) • Operations support at 2950m (OSF) • Global partnership with North America East Asia & Chile

  9. ALMA Construction • Total of 58 antennas in Chile (46 x 12m, 12 x 7m) • In various stages (from accepted to parts) • 33 antennas at AOS (including 6 from AEM) • 50+ Front End assemblies in Chile • Most of component production completed • From ESO: Band 9, WVRs, ACDs, FE power supplies, … • Residencia in detailed design (Kouvo and Partanen)

  10. ALMA in 2013

  11. Residencia (Kouvo Partanen)

  12. Santiago • Vitacura • ESO Office • ALMA Santiago Central Office completed • Includes underground parking for ESO • ESO Guesthouse

  13. Headquarters • HQ built in 1981 • Expanded a few times • Capacity ~290 persons • ~200 others • In temporary offices • Elsewhere on campus • HQ Extension • Design: Auer & Weber • Office building + auditorium • Technical building • Construction 2012-13

  14. Governance • Council • Two delegates per Member State, plus President • At least one of the two an astronomer • Approves income and budget, and overall programme • Advisory to Council • Finance Committee (FC), one delegate per MS • Science and Technical Committee (STC) (also to DG) • Advisory to Director General • Observing Programs Committee (OPC) • Users Committee (UC) • STC and UC have one astronomer per MS

  15. Top-level ESO Goals Best science from La Silla-Paranal Observatory Most advanced ground-based O/IR observatory Continue to maintain & upgrade with new instruments Deliver ALMA Within specifications & budget, on realistic time-line Optimal preparation for scientific harvest by community Construct and operate the E-ELT Transformational extension of O/IR system Timed to exploit synergy with JWST 19

  16. Estonia and ESO Membership and Accession Financial Matters Annual and Special Contribution Governance Procurement Engaging with ESO

  17. Membership of ESO • Membership for European Union countries • Does not (currently) require invitationby ESO Council • Estonia • In five-year ‘testing period’ with ESA since 2009 • Actively involved in various EU astronomy networks • Member of Astronomy & Astrophysics • Government very supportive of astronomy • National strategic plan targets ESO Membership • ESO Council • Expression of interest discussed in Council WG • Recommendation: Estonia should apply

  18. Accession • Accession Agreement (AA) • Between ESO and the new Member State • Signing up to Convention, Financial Protocol, and the Protocol on Privileges and Immunities • Unanimous vote required in ESO Council • Date of Accession • Formally after instrument of approval or ratification of AA is deposited at French Ministry of Foreign Affairs • Recent practice • To be considered as Member from an agreed date, to better plan financial contributions (and receipt of first payment) • With interim arrangements detailed in Annex to AA

  19. Contributions • ESO income • Member States’ annual contributions  NNI • Corrected for annual cost variation via simple formula • Contribution base 2012: 132.5 M€ • Additional income (incl. Brazil and E-ELT): 61.8 M€ • New Member State • Annual contribution  NNI • Special Contribution  overall ESO assets (by NNI) • Council policy • Put new contributions on top • To strengthen ESO programme

  20. Funding the ESO Programme Goals E-ELT construction during 2012-2022 Support VLT/VLTI, ALMA and E-ELT operations Create funding wedge for new project from ~2024 E-ELTbaseline funding scenario ~300 M€ from normal ESO income over decade Additional contribution of 255 M€ (14MS) Annual and Special Contribution by Brazil 2% year-on-year increase in annual contributions by MS through 2020, starting in 2012 (all MS)

  21. Annual Contribution • Principle specified in Convention • Scale of contribution updated annually based on NNI’s of the Member States for the previous three years • Estonia • NNI = 0.080%: annual contribution for 2012: 125 k€ • This includes the 2% extra for the E-ELT

  22. Special Contribution • Principle specified in Convention • Proportional to ESO assets (by NNI ratio) • Calculation of assets • Include depreciation according to simple formula • E-ELT construction will add to assets • Estonia • Special contribution for joining in 2012: 925 k€ • Add NNI share of the 250 ME: 200 k€

  23. Engaging with ESO • Estonian astronomers • Small community, which will need some time to learn how to be effective in competition for observing time • Estonian industry • Useful to appoint industrial liaison officer for ESO • Possible ESO activities • Organise science day/tutorials on proposal writing • Host persons for a stage at observatories or at HQ • Help foster collaborations in technical areas • Organise industry day

  24. Closed Session Remarks

  25. ESO and the E-ELT

  26. ESO and Industry • Construction of world-class observatories • Buildings, telescopes, instruments • Only possible with strong involvement of industry • Procurement by competitive tendering • Preferably in the Member States • Aim for reasonable balance over Member States • ESO works pro-actively with ‘under-returned’ MS • This approach • Keeps costs down • Helps develop high-tech industry in Member States

  27. Technology Transfer • ESO’s Technology Transfer Policy • Approved by Council in Dec 2010 • Defines rules for licensing of in-house developments • First royalties now received • ESO Fiber RAMAN Amplifier • ALMA Calibration Loads Technology • Companies in Canada, Germany, UK

  28. Contracts awarded worldwide over the period 2005 - 2011 Total Contracts 6 years: 618 million EUR

  29. Contracts awarded within ESO Member States over the period 2005 - 2011 Number of contracts, for different price ranges Cumulative values, per “project” Total Contracts 6 years, 430 million EUR

  30. Procurement Policy • Overall objective: technical excellence at an affordable cost. • Key principles: • Competitive Tendering; • Within ESO Member States (Chile for operations); • Contracts awarded to the lowest priced compliant tender; • Fair distribution of the contracts among the ESO Member States.

  31. Procurement Process (1/2) • ESO selects the recipients of its procurement actions from: • Its database, plus its staff’s own knowledge; • Suggestions received from ESO Member States; • Interest expressed by companies: • In relation to forthcoming procurements announced on the ESO web page; • Generically. • ESO gives great importance to the quality of its tenders, and expects the same from the bidders: “one shot only”, no room for improving a tender after its submission.

  32. Procurement Process (2/2) • Evaluation of the managerial/technical evaluation of tenders performed without knowledge of the price(s); • Lowest priced compliant tender is awarded the order/ contract; • For each procurement above 150K EUR, an internal committee is constituted to follow through the evaluation and adjudication process. • Contracts/ Purchase Orders are regulated by ESO’s own set of contractual conditions (including recourse to private arbitration in case of disputes).

  33. Calls for tender (CFT) (1/6) Typically used for Procurements > 150k EUR

  34. Industrial Return (1/3) • No requirement for juste retour…but a strong expectation from all ESO Member States of an equitable distribution; • Measured through each country’s return coefficient: ratio between the percentage of expenditures in an individual MS and the MS percentage contribution to the budget; • Expenditures calculated on data collected from the Contractors re: the “origin of the supply”.

  35. Industrial Return (2/3)

  36. Industrial Return (3/3) • Additional efforts invested by the Management to increase awareness in the Member States of the procurement opportunities offered by ESO: • Close monitoring + regular reporting to the ESO Finance Committee; • Stronger involvement of the Industrial Liaison Officers in identifying competent suppliers; • Increased programme of Industry days and networking events; • Update of the procurement rules. • ….also, pro-activeness of the Member States encouraged.

  37. ESO CP Web Page 48

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