Priorities and policy making for tobacco control in ASEAN

1. Priorities and policy making for tobacco control in ASEAN Ulysses Dorotheo, MD, FPAO 29 August 2014 www.seatca.org

2. Southeast Asia Tobacco Control Alliance (SEATCA) • Vision: Towards a healthy, tobacco-free ASEAN • Mission: Working together to save lives by accelerating effective implementation of the FCTC in ASEAN • Approach to mission: collaborative and strategic partnerships, capacity building, and evidence-based policy advocacy • Partner countries: Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, (Brunei and Singapore) www.seatca.org

3. Costs: TC makes sense • Cost of inaction • Lives lost • Healthcare costs • Disability costs and productivity losses • Environmental costs • Cost of FCTC implementation • USD 0.14 per person per year in China, USD 0.16 in India, and USD 0.49 in Russia seatca.org

4. Tobacco control policy Win – Win Win – Lose Lose – Lose seatca.org

5. How priorities are decided • National health agenda • Role of civil society • Role of tobacco industry seatca.org

6. “Economically, there may be many alternatives available, but where health and life are concerned, do we have any alternative? The answer is clearly no. There are no alternatives as far as health and life are concerned, because health and life are all that we have. “Therefore, the issue before us is really quite obvious, whether we want to survive with smoking from the economic viewpoint, which has many alternatives, or do we choose one that totally has no alternative, that is to safeguard health and save lives?” • His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah, Brunei Darussalam, 11 July 2002

7. Policymaking considerations • Lack of capacity: human, technical, financial • Government conflict of interest: state-owned TI • Politicians’ personal COI • TI interference • Misinformation, corruption, front groups • Litigation • Legal and illicit trade seatca.org

8. Evidence is not enough • Capacity building • Monitoring and countering TI interference • Media advocacy seatca.org

9. 179 Parties as of August 2014

10. Art. 2(1) - Introduction • In order to better protect human health, Parties are encouraged to implement measures beyond those requiredby this Convention and its protocols, and nothing in these instruments shall prevent a Party from imposing stricter requirements that are consistent with their provisions and are in accordance with international law.

11. Tobacco harms The objective of this Convention and its protocols is to protect present and future generations from the devastatinghealth, social, environmental and economic consequences of tobacco consumption and exposure to tobacco smoke by providing a framework for tobacco control measures to be implemented by the Parties at the national, regional and international levels in order to reduce continually and substantially the prevalence of tobacco use and exposure to tobacco smoke. (FCTC Article 3)

12. ”What gets measured gets done.” Dr. Margaret Chan WHO Director-General

13. Article 5.3 • Art. 5(3) – General Obligations • to “protect these [public health] policies from commercial and other vested interests of the tobacco industry”

14. Demand reduction measures • Art. 6 – Price and tax measures • Art. 7 – (Non-price measures) • Art. 8 – Protection from exposure to tobacco smoke • Art. 9 – Regulation of the contents of tobacco products • Art. 10 – Regulation of tobacco product disclosures • Art. 11 – Packaging and labeling of tobacco products • Art. 12 – Education, communication, training and public awareness • Art. 13 – Tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS) • Art. 14 – Demand reduction measures concerning tobacco • dependence and cessation

15. Supply reduction measures • Art. 15 – Illicit trade in tobacco products • Art. 16 – Sales to and by minors • Art. 17 – Provision of support for economically viable alternative activities • Protection of the environment • Art. 18 – Protection of the environment and the health of persons • Questions pertaining to liability • Art. 19 – Liability • Scientific and technical cooperation and communication of information • Art. 20 – Research, surveillance and exchange of information • Art. 21 – Reporting and exchange of information • Art. 22 – Cooperation in the scientific, technical, and legal fields and provision of related expertise

16. Monitor tobacco use & prevention policies Protect people from tobacco smoke Offer help to quit tobacco use Warn about the dangers of tobacco Enforce bans on tobacco advertising, promotion, & sponsorship Raise taxes on tobacco

17. Conference of Parties, 1 to 5 • Guidelines for implementation • Art 5.3: TI interference • Art 6: tax and price (draft) • Art 8: smoke-free • Art 9&10: product regulation and disclosure (partial) • Art 11: packaging and labeling • Art 12: Education and awareness • Art 13: TAPS ban • Art 14: cessation • Protocol • Art 15: illicit trade

18. Are we really winning? 195 seatca.org WHO, 2013 Global Tobacco Control Report

19. Cambodia • Passage of the TC Law • Enforcement and monitoring of sub-decrees • Increasing tobacco tax • Partial SFE • Partial TAPS ban seatca.org

20. Indonesia • FCTC accession • Rejecting the proposed Tobacco Bill (that will weaken PHW articles to text warnings only) • Enforcement of PHWs • Effective tax increases • Implementation of earmarked local tax seatca.org

21. Lao PDR • Collection of LAK 200/per pack for TC Fund • International campaign to end the Investment License Agreement with TI • Revision of TC Law seatca.org

22. Malaysia • Good governance seminar (Art 5.3) • Inclusion of trade agenda in COP 6 • Amendment of TC regulations: SFE, POS seatca.org

23. Philippines • Utilisation of tobacco tax revenues • Further tax increase in 2017 • Implementation of the GHW law • Expanding SFE • Tobacco industry interference seatca.org

24. Thailand • 85% PHW • Tax increase for RYO • Countering fake TI CSR (amend the law to push for total ban) seatca.org

25. Vietnam • Tobacco tax increase • TC Fund and TC Law implementation seatca.org

26. Thank you Email: ulysses@seatca.org www.seatca.org