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Influenza Vaccination Recommendations for Children

Influenza Vaccination Recommendations for Children. C. Mack Sewell, DrPH, MS New Mexico State Epidemiologist. Background: Influenza in Children. Influenza is a substantial cause of vaccine-preventable morbidity in children

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Influenza Vaccination Recommendations for Children

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  1. Influenza Vaccination Recommendations for Children C. Mack Sewell, DrPH, MS New Mexico State Epidemiologist

  2. Background: Influenza in Children • Influenza is a substantial cause of vaccine-preventable morbidity in children • Influenza typically affects more than 25%- 40% of preschool and school-age children each year—highest of any age group • Children are the major vectors of influenza • Children 6-23 months of age are at increased risk for influenza-related hospitalization

  3. Reasons to Vaccinate Children with Influenza Vaccine • Reduce illness and transmission among children • Reduce hospitalization, missed school days, and health care visits in children • Reduce otitis media • Reduce use of drugs and other medications • Reduce transmission among household members and working days missed by parents • Potential for herd immunity

  4. Reasons Not to Vaccinate Children with Influenza Vaccine • Cost • One more vaccine in a full vaccination schedule • Adverse events • Logistics for implementation will be extreme

  5. Conclusions and Recommendations Published reports suggest that universal use of influenza vaccine in children (6 months to 18 years) would result in reductions in illness, mortality, and socioeconomic costs in children as well as lead to substantial reductions in disease transmission and illness in other age groups. There is significant potential for herd immunity and protection of large segments of the population beyond the vaccinated children.

  6. Gaps in Knowledge, Information, and Science/Technology • Need refined cost-benefit analysis studies • Need improved vaccine production capacity to handle the increased vaccine production • Need improved vaccine development time • Need applied studies of vaccine delivery methods for children

  7. References • Monto AS, Sullivan Km,. Acute respiratory illness in the community. Frequency of illness and the agents involved. Epidem Infect 1993; 110:145-60. • Glezen WP, Taber LH, Frank AL, Gruber WC, Piedra PA. Influenza virus infections in infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997; 16:1065-8. • Neuzil KM, Wright PF, Mitchel EF, Jr GriffinMR. The burden of influenza illness in children with asthma and other chronic medical conditions. J Pediatr 2000;137(6):856-864 • Izurieta HA, Thompson WW, Kramarz O, et al. Influenza and the rates of hospitalization for respiratory disease among infants and young children. N Engl J Med 2000;342:232-9. • Glezen WP. Prevention of acute otitis media by prophylaxis and treatment of influenza virus infections. Vaccine 2001;19:S56-S58.

  8. References-continued 6) Weycker D, Edelsberg J, Halloran ME, Longini IM, Nizam A, Ciuryla V, Oster G. Population-wide benefits of routine vaccination of children against influenza. Vaccine 2005;23:1284-1293 7) Longini IM, Halloran ME. Strategy for distribution of influenza vaccine to high-risk groups and children. Am J Epi 2005;161(4):303-306. 8) Hurwitz ES, Haber M, Chang A, Shope T, Teo S, Ginsberg M, Waecker N, Cox NJ. Effectiveness of influenza vaccination of day care children in reducing influenza-related morbidity among household contacts. JAMA 2000;284(13):1677-1682. 9) Monto AS, Davenport JA, Napier JA, et al. Effect of vaccination of a school-age population upon the course of an A2/Hong Kong influenza epidemic. Bull World Health Organ 1969; 41:537-42.

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