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Cancer

Cancer. Biology. What do you know about Cancer?. US Statistics. 1 million new cases diagnosed each year #2 cause of death Survival rates are increasing as detection, diagnosis, and treatment improve. Lets Go Back. What do we call the process of cell division? Mitosis / Cell Cycle.

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Cancer

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  1. Cancer Biology

  2. What do you know about Cancer?

  3. US Statistics • 1 million new cases diagnosed each year • #2 cause of death • Survival rates are increasing as detection, diagnosis, and treatment improve

  4. Lets Go Back • What do we call the process of cell division? • Mitosis / Cell Cycle

  5. So What is cancer? • Process where growth and division goes wrong • New cells form incorrectly (mutations)

  6. What is a Mutation? • A change in DNA sequence (or the order of bases) • ATTCG • ATCCG

  7. Cancer begins • When mutations cause mitosis to go wrong • Old cells do not die when they should and continue to grow and multiply

  8. Tumors (2 Types) • Benign – cells are still normal, just overgrown • Malignant – cells are abnormal and divide with no controls • Invadeand destroysurrounding tissue • Can break away and travel through the body(METASTASIS)

  9. Why is a Metastasis Dangerous? • The cancer is no longer localized. • It can travel to different parts of the body Example: Cancer that started out on your skin could spread to your lungs, brain, liver, etc.

  10. What causes cancer? • Changes (alterations) in genes that control normal cell growth and division (Mutations) • Many reasons whythis happens • Environmental • Genetics • Biological • Ex: Viruses

  11. Symptoms • A thickening or lump in an area • Obvious change in a wart or mole • A sore that does not heal • Nagging cough/hoarseness • Changes in bowel/bladder habits • Ingestion/difficulty swallowing • Unexplained changes in weight • Unusual bleeding/discharge **Not all of these symptoms mean a person has cancer, they can have other causes

  12. Treatment • Surgery • Chemotherapy • Radiation

  13. Prevention • Living a healthy lifestyle • No smoking, eating right, exercise, avoiding excessive sunlight • Awareness of disease/family history • Regular check-ups • Screenings

  14. If you have cancer, who do you see? • Oncologist- Cancer Doctor • The oncologist will take a biopsy and send it to the lab for testing. • Biopsy- removal of some cells from a tumor to see if they are cancerous.

  15. Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

  16. Brain Tumor

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