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Water. By: Vittorio, Chris and Danielle. How much water we use each day.
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Water By: Vittorio, Chris and Danielle
How much water we use each day • We use 19% on showers, 28% on toilets, 10% on leaks, 23% on washing machines, 15% on faucets, 2% on dish washing and 3% on baths. Losing water on leaks is not good because water is becoming more and more important each day and wasted water because of leaks in the pipes are not good. Canada wastes the 2nd most amount of water in the world.
Water Pollution in the Great Lakes • Reasons to why the great lakes are so toxic is the in the 18th and 19th century humans thought it was okay to throw their dump into the lake, clearly it was not the best idea. Although some types of water are treated (which is filtering the water to purify it to make it become chemically clean) the amount of toxic water out weights the amount of clean purified water • Effects Of Water Pollution • The health of organisms' and fish and eventually humans. • It can contaminate the water not making it safe to swim in. • To much mercury in the water and human made pesticides. • It can give fish and other organisms’ diseases and tumors, or even kill the fish. • The toxicants in the lakes can cause baby fish to die or have severe deformities. • Persistant Organic Pollutants (POP) in the lake can kill humans or give them diseases. • People who eat more fish than others will have more toxic chemicals in their body, these toxic chemicals can cause cancer, reproductive problems and neurological disorders. • Pregnant women and little children should not have lake fish because they are at a greater risk of getting sick.
Water pollution in the great lakes • There are three types of water pollution • Physical- pollution that is floating in the water (ex: plastic bags, water bottles) • Biological- contamination of the water (ex: bacteria) • Chemical- harmful and toxic chemicals leaking into the waters (ex: pesticides, bleach) • Water was believed to dilute any substance that is why people dumped all of their trash (like chemicals) into the lakes.
Some pictures Trying to get rid of pollution in the lakes is not easy work and not to mention it is very expensive.
These are some pictures of examples of things you would see with any of these three types of water pollution
Water issues in Canada • Issues in Canada are: • Canada uses lots of water each day, Canadians use up to 2 to 3 times more water than Europeans • Also water is not becoming cheap anymore because people waste lots of water • Water treatment facilities are not cheap to build and require maintenance • Because of climate change it is causing some droughts and causing glaciers to melt. • Fish populations are becoming lower because of harmful chemicals in the lakes and Oceans • Burning fossil fuels is also responsible for melting the glaciers • Climate change results in higher evaporation rates and lower water levels in the great lakes • The oil sands in Alberta are wasting lots of water to get oil out of the sand because for every 4 barrels of fresh water you only get 1 barrel of oil which is wasting large amounts of water • In the Prairie provinces there are less water resources because of the melting glaciers, more droughts, crop irrigation, soil quality is no longer becoming fertile.
Cont. Of Canada’s water issues • In Ontario lower water levels in the great lakes are causing shipping costs to go up, it also creates problems for launching your boat at the launch pad and it also creates problems in operating your boats. Also water-borne pathogens in the lakes carry infectious diseases in warmer water temperatures. • In Quebec flooding affects over 80% of municipalities located on the waterfront. Also lots of precipitation events and flooding overwhelm sewer systems. • In Atlantic provinces the sea level rising causes erosion and flooding on coastal habitats. Storms, tidal surges lead to more frequent flooding. To much water is not good for agriculture.
Water issues around the world • Many people in the world tend to think that we will never run out of water because our earth is 70% water. Well only 2.5% of that 70% is actually fresh water (drinkable water). You could set up distillation factories but that would cost lots of money and for some countries in the world they cant afford it. Out of that 2.5% of fresh water the majority of the water is found in glacial ice and permafrost then found in ground water then rivers and then lakes and marshlands. 115 of the global population is without access to improved source of water drinking which include houseline connections, pipelines, wells and springs. If this current rate keeps going on 605 million people will still lack a good source of water.
World water issues in Asia This picture shows the water that each continent has this is an issue for Asia because 60% of the worlds population lives there and they only have 36% of the worlds water resources. This means that there are many people in Asia that do not have access to water. Where as in South America they have more water resources than population which is not fair to people in Asia. This chart shows that there is an in balance of water throughout the world which is another issue because some countries have more water resources than population whereas other countries have more population than water resources which leaves people without water.
Cont. of water issues Your Text Here This is a picture of Africa’s water availability this is an issue because Africa has such a big population and it already is in a high demand for water because lots of people can’t afford it in Africa. This is an issue because if Africa already needs water and if the availability in water becomes more scarce then more people will be without water. Reasons for lack of water availability is climate change because as it gets hotter water will evaporate and there will be more droughts. The soil will not be fertile if there is no water and will start to erode. Other issues are that the population is too big for the amount of water the population needs.
The Water Project • The water project is for people who lack clean water, this is an issue because 2.2 million people die each year and 4 billion people have some type of sickness because they don’t have clean water. • The water project is basically a company construct water tanks, sewers and a network of distribution pipes in areas like the Philippines, Myanmar and Paraguay. They also educate people on how to maintain and manage the new water system.
How extensive is Canada’s water • Canada represent 7% of the world renewable fresh water • 20% of the worlds fresh water is in Canada • Most of it is in the form of glaciers, underground aquifers, and lakes, the fresh water is heavily used and stressed upon because it is in great demand. • The total amount of fresh water is not affected by human uses, which is why it is considered an inexhaustible resource. However, water must be of certain quality and in a particular place to be useful (i.e. to be considered renewable). • As of today the amount of fresh water Canada has is very abundant for the 35 million people but as years go on and water availability becomes lower because of the amount of water we waste this could pose a problem for future generations • 50% of Canada’s fresh water source drains into the Hudson Bay and Arctic Ocean this is not that bad but each time it flows there some fresh water is lost along the way. The Hudson bay and the Arctic Ocean are 2 of the 5 drainage basins (the other drainage basins are the Pacific ocean, Atlantic ocean and the Gulf of Mexico) drainage basins is area drained and by smaller rivers. What separates drainage basins is called a watershed which is a piece of land higher than the drainage basins separating them, what gives some water to the drainage basin is runoff water, runoff water is water that runs of the land through the rivers and lakes and into the ocean (a drainage basin). • Although we have 7% of the fresh water in the world we cannot use all of it because of pollution which prohibits us from drinking that water because it is no longer clean for us to drink.
Ground water is water that soaks deep into the earth through soil and layers of sand, gravel and porous rock FACT: most of Africa’s fresh water is found in the ground.
Earths fresh water • Earth only has about 3% fresh water. This is an issue because of how much people there is in the world and with the global population increasing that is a problem considering on how much fresh water we waste a day. People should start to be aware of their actions with water or sooner or later there could be no fresh water on this earth. • This chart shows how earths water is divided up. The earth is 75% water and that is why some people refer earth as the blue planet (because most of the planet is water).
The Future Canadians Need • To stop polluting our lakes and rivers so they can be used of fresh water because if they are polluted they are no longer safe or clean to drink because they have chemicals and dirty stuff in them. • Protect our waters and preserve our watersheds for future generations • Develop regulations regarding dumping garbage in the water • Make sure the quality of the water in clean and not contaminated with chemicals • To protect our wetlands, wetlands are swamps, marshes and bogs, these places are at ground level. This covers 20% of Canada’s land area. Wetlands are completely wet with water and are a source of fresh water. • Divert water from rivers in northern Canada to consumers in southern Canada and the United States • So people become more aware of their own actions with water (not to waste water) • Ways to conserve and save water are: turn of faucets when not in use, instead of washing your drive way with water use a broom, fix leaks in and around your home, only use washer, dryer and dishwasher when its full, upgrade your toilets, instead of wasting water to defrost food put it in the fridge etc.. By conserving water this will help us to sustain water for the future and will make a big difference because that water that was saved can go to other places in need of water like Africa or Asia
Water Diversions • Canada has taken some steps to solve water shortages by diverting water from one drainage basin into another. Water diversions do not disrupt populated areas and there may be a need for them in the future. The water being diverted is mainly used for large hydro-electric generating stations. People have been thinking to divert water from Canada to the US and vise versa. Factors preventing this big water diversion is environmental damage, negative impacts on Aboriginals, high cost, loss of control by Canada over such a vital resource. Shortages of fresh water are limiting countries in the United States to grow in population. The NAFTA is not guaranteeing the US access to Canadian water. Diverting water is primarily based on economical development. Dams are examples of water diversions. Diversions in Canada have been put up mainly to increase the hydro-electric production they have also been developed for irrigation purposes and industrial development such as aluminum production. Problems with water diversions are social structures may be affected diversions can cause flooding causing people to leave the community, loss of aquatic and wetland habitat, water diversions change ecosystems, large diversions can create obstacles for land animals, loss of biodiversity because physical things are being destroyed that are needed for some things to live.
Sustainable development • Ways that we can keep fresh drinking water on this earth is: • To stop polluting, polluting causes greenhouse gases creating heat which is responsible for the evaporation of water, in cases like Africa where the heat is too strong. Also to stop polluting our waters because that is water we need to drink and we can’t drink it if its dirty. • To dispose of the dirty water properly and not just put it in our fresh drinking source. • Conserve water and use it wisely because it minimizes water shortages. • To stop using fresh water to get oil out of the Alberta tar sands because we waste 4 barrels of water for 1 gallon of oil. • Instead of throwing away your water reuse it that could save a large amount of water. • Some goals people are setting for the future regarding fresh clean water is to reduce half the people without access to fresh drinking water by 2015, reduce half of the people without basic sanitation by 2015 and to have all countries have a developed integrated water source management. • As Canadians we have lots of fresh water but we should start thinking about other countries that lack water and help them and conserve water because sooner or later what is happening to them will eventually happen to us.
Key terms • Blue planet • Runoff • Ground water • Hydrologic cycle • Drainage basins • Wetlands • Treated water • Toxic chemicals • Water shed • Water that is filtered and chemicals are added to it to purify it. Groundwater doesn’t need to be treated as much because soil and rock deep underground filter out impurities as the water moves through. • Carry water to a destination. A drainage basin is the area drained by a river and its tributaries. Canada’s water drains into the Pacific Ocean, Hudson Bay, the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf Of Mexico. • Earth is sometimes called this because water covers nearly three- quarters of its surface. • Chemicals that are harmful to humans or to the environment. Some industries have dumped toxic chemicals into our water supplies for years. • Swamp, marsh, and bog; places where the water table is at ground level. Covers over 20% of the country’s area. Wetlands are areas of land that have become saturated(completely wet) with water. • Some runoff soaks deep into Earth through soil and layers of sand, gravel, and porous rock. • Water constantly evaporates into the atmosphere and returns the Earth’s surface as precipitation to evaporate again. • Water that runs off the land through rivers and lakes into oceans. • An area of high land that separates one drainage basin from another.
Quiz time! • Name 3 types of effects of water pollution in the great lakes. • Name all of the areas in the world where you can get fresh water and order them from greatest to least (in terms of most fresh water to least amount of fresh water). • Name 3 problems with water diversions.
How much water do we use as a class • Showers • A shower uses 2.5 gallons of water/min • Our class takes an average of a 326 minutes in a day, which is 815 gallons total • Toilet flushes • A toilet uses 3 gallons/flush • Our class flushes about 62 times day which is 186 gallons a day • Washer and dishwasher • The dishwasher uses 20 gallons/load and a clothes washer uses 10 gallons/load • We use our washers and dishwashers for about 114.95 mins
Citations • "Water project." Plan Canada. Plan Canada. Web. 2 May 2013. • "Water availibility in Africa." GridaArendal. Grida, n.d. Web. 2 May 2013. • Meakin, Stephanie . "publications ." Water issues's in canada. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 May 2013. • Vancouver Sun, . "Canada's water crisis escalating." Canada. Vancouver Sun, 23 Feb 2008. Web. may 2nd 2013. • Manniene, Christine, and Elizabeth Schmidt. water pollution in the great lakes. Teache, 02 May 2013. Web. 2 May 2013. • Canada, Faq. "How much of the worlds fresh water is in canada?." Canada Faq. Canada Faq, n.d. Web. 2 May 2013. • Marshall, Hillary. "How to save water for the future." Ehow. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 May 2013. • "100 ways to conserve water ." Water use it wisely . N.p., n.d. Web. may 6 2013. • Natural Resources Canada, . "Sustainable development." Natural Resources Canada. N.p., 14 october 2010. Web. 5 May 2013. • Clark, B., Wallace, J., & Earle, K. (2006). Making connections. (2nd ed., pp. 478-487). Pearson Education Canada.
