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Nurse Assistant Skills. Nurse assistants are important members of the health care team. Measuring and Recording Intake and Output. Intake: fluids taken in by patient What is included in intake Output: fluids eliminated by patient What is included in output Records must be accurate
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Nurse Assistant Skills Nurse assistants are important members of the health care team
Intake: fluids taken in by patient • What is included in intake • Output: fluids eliminated by patient • What is included in output • Records must be accurate • Fluids usually measured by metric system Measuring and RecordingIntake and Output(continued)
Agencies follow different policies for recording I&O • Careful instructions should be given to patients on I&O • Standard precautions Measuring and RecordingIntake and Output(continued)
Good nutrition is an important part of a patient’s treatment • Make mealtimes as pleasant as possible • Mealtimes are regarded as social time • Proper preparation for mealtime • Delay of meals • Check food tray Feeding a Patient
Allow patient to feed themselves whenever possible • Test temperature of food • Principles to follow while feeding • Relaxed, unhurried atmosphere • Observe amount eaten • Observe for any signs of choking Feeding a Patient
Elimination of body waste is essential • Terminology • Many patients sensitive about using bedpan/urinal • Accurate observations important • Standard precautions • Use of gloves important Assisting with a Bedpan/Urinal
Catheters: hollow tubes usually made of rubber or plastic • French or straight catheter • Foley catheter • External condom catheter • Urinary-drainage units • Leg bags for ambulation Providing Catheter andUrinary-Drainage Unit Care
Careful observation of catheter and drainage unit • When catheter and urinary-drainage unit in place, preferable never to disconnect unit • If necessary to disconnect catheter, follow agency policy • Catheter care Providing Catheter and Urinary-Drainage Unit Care
Observation of urine • Follow correct procedure to empty drainage unit to prevent contamination and infection • Bladder training program • Keep records Providing Catheter andUrinary-Drainage Unit Care
Assisting patient with intake and output important part of care • Provide privacy and respect patient’s rights at all times • Observe standard precautions • Follow correct procedures Summary
Laboratory tests are performed on specimens to detect disease • Specimens must be collected correctly for tests to be accurate • Routine urine specimen • Clean-catch or midstream-voided urine Collecting Stool/Urine Specimens
Sterile catheterized urine specimen • 24-hour urine specimen • Routine stool (feces) specimen • Stool for occult blood • Label all specimens correctly • Use standard precautions Collecting Stool/Urine Specimens
Enemas • Retention enemas • Nonretention enemas • Types of enemas • Cleansing • Disposable • Oil retention Enemas and Rectal Treatments
Impactions—removed by licensed or advanced care provider • Rectal tube • Suppositories Enemas and Rectal Treatments(continued)
Enemas and rectal treatments cannot be administered without a doctor’s order • Follow correct procedures at all times • Observe standard precautions to prevent spread of infection Summary
Chemical restraints—medications • Physical restraints—protective devices • Conditions that may require restraints • Types of physical restraints • Points to remember when using restraints • Complications of restraints Applying Restraints
Most health care facilities have specific rules and policies regarding the use of restraints • Be aware of legal responsibilities Applying Restraints
Blood must have oxygen • Signs of oxygen shortage • Deficiency of oxygen (hypoxia) • Methods of administration of oxygen • Ways of providing oxygen to the patient • Humidifier Administering Oxygen
Safety precautions • Pulse oximeters • Points to check while oxygen in use • Legal considerations Administering Oxygen(continued)
Care given to the body immediately following death • Begins when a doctor has pronounced the patient dead • Difficult but essential part of patient care Giving Postmortem Care
Dealing with death and dying • Patient’s rights apply after death • Family member may want to view body • Procedure for postmortem care will vary with different facilities Giving Postmortem Care
Morgue kits • Care of valuables and belongings • Two people often work together to complete care • Observe agency policy Giving Postmortem Care
The nursing assistant provides quality personal care for patients • Many skills are required to perform approved procedures • Standard precautions must be observed • Record observations carefully • Know your legal responsibilities Summary
A large part of the body is fluid, so there must be a balance between the amount of fluid taken into the body and the amount lost from the body • Swelling and edema • Dehydration • Intake and output (I&O) forms vary between facilities Measuring and RecordingIntake and Output