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Understanding JDBC Drivers: Connecting Java Applications to Databases

JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) is a key API that enables Java programs to access databases, offering an alternative to ODBC and ADO. It supports database connectivity for Java applications, including servlets and applets. Type 3 and Type 4 drivers function for both applets and servlets, while Type 2 is limited to servlets. Essential JDBC components include loading driver libraries, establishing connections using Connection strings, creating statements, and executing queries, including compiled queries and stored procedures through PreparedStatement and CallableStatement objects.

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Understanding JDBC Drivers: Connecting Java Applications to Databases

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  1. JDBC

  2. JDBC Drivers • JDBC is an alternative to ODBC and ADO that provides database access to programs written in Java

  3. Java Servlet and Applet • An applet is a compiled, machine-independent, Java bytecode program that is transmitted to a browser via HTTP and is invoked using the HTTP protocol • A servlet is a Java program that is invoked on the server to respond to HTTP requests • Type 3 and Type 4 drivers can be used for both applets and servlets • Type 2 drivers can be used only in servlets

  4. JDBC Components

  5. Using JDBC 1. Load the driver • The driver class libraries need to be in the CLASSPATH for the Java compiler and for the Java virtual machine • Class.forName(string).newInstance(); 2. Establish a connection to the database • Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(string); • A connection string includes the literal jdbc:, followed by the name of the driver and a URL to the database

  6. Using JDBC (cont.) 3. Create a statement • Statement stmt = conn.createStatement(); 4. Execute the statement • ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(querystring); • Int result = stmt.executeUpdate(updatestring); • ResultSetMetaData rsMeta = rs.getMetaData(); • Both compiled queries and stored procedures can be processed via JDBC using PreparedStatement and CallableStatement objects

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