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2008. 10. 9. Thu. 이 동 훈

Universal Design Handbook Chp. 39: Housing policy and funding mechanisms for elderly and disabled people in Germany. 2008. 10. 9. Thu. 이 동 훈. Introduction & background. In 1992 and 1996, guidelines and standards Public buildings and workplaces [Deutsche Industrie Norm (DIN18024)]

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2008. 10. 9. Thu. 이 동 훈

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  1. Universal Design HandbookChp. 39: Housingpolicy and funding mechanismsfor elderly and disabled people in Germany 2008. 10. 9. Thu. 이 동 훈

  2. Introduction & background • In 1992 and 1996, guidelines and standards • Public buildings and workplaces [Deutsche Industrie Norm (DIN18024)] • Housing (DIN18025) • Part1, barrier-free housing for people in wheelchairs • Part 2, barrier-free housing in general  Different ways were developed to subsidize the remodeling and the construction of housing • UD … barrier-free building… synonymous…in Germany • Misguided conception…  Barrier-free design (understood as being for people who are elderly and disabled) However, clearly differentiated…

  3. The need for home modifications • Only few elderly people are willing to • Give up their comfortable environment • Move into an apartment that serves seniors’ needs, and even less so into a public retirement institution for elderly people • In contrast to U.S. citizens, more… • The desire to stay in the present living environment… • Grants and funds for the remodeling or construction of housing • Provided to individuals as part of the government insurance programs

  4. Housing for people who are elderly and people who are disabled in Germany (1/2) • Demographic trends • Total population of people who are elderly continues to grow • About 16% (13 million) were older than 65 (of 1998) • Peoplebetween the ages of 58 to 63 will represent the largest group by the year 2050 • Germany’s population will decline in the next 50 years by at least 12 million • Changes in the social system • A variety of programs has been developed • ex. long-term-care insurance, health insurance, … • Developing innovative ergonomic products • Living to advanced age

  5. Housing for people who are elderly and people who are disabled in Germany (2/2) • The need for care • Life expectancy of a 60-year old: man (18.3 years), woman (22.6 years) • Probability of the need for long-term care • 0.5% (under 60 years of age)  3.5% (between ages 60 & 80)  28.0% (over 80 years) • Living in a nursing home • Fewer between the ages of 80 and 84 live in a nursing home (less than 10%) • Lack of single rooms  almost meet the need for privacy • Home modification • The more economical choice • Maintain a maximum level of independence • Enhance their ability to stay in a comfortable environment

  6. Living conditions for elderly people in the European Union • Elderly couples represented the largest group of home owners • Couples > singles • Three basic comforts • Bathtub/shower • Hot water • Toilet within the apartment/house

  7. Funding agencies (1/2) • Federal subsidies for barrier-free housing in Germany • Ex 1. Lower Saxony (독일 작센 지방) • Item 1: Funds and grants for private homes for new construction, modification, remodeling, and acquisition • Item 2: Rental apartments • Ex 2. Thuringia • Item 1: Private homes and apartments (WO1 Modernization and Remodeling) • Item 2: Modification of housing for persons who are ill or disabled (WO7) • Item 3: Private home or apartment, based on the acquisition of existing housing (WO8) • Taxation subsidy in Germany • Special community programs

  8. Funding agencies (2/2) • Long-term-care insurance and home modification • Health insurance • If a disability is certified by a doctor, …

  9. Product development and certificate: “Comfort & Quality” • “Comfort & Quality” • In 1999, by GGT (German Society for Geronto-Technology) and TÜV (TÜV Rheinland Product Safety GmbH) • ex. Hewi in Bad Arolsen

  10. Conclusions • From a long-term perspective, barrier-free design needs to be thought of as the ultimate goal and benchmark for building activity • In not only public places but also private housing sector • HEWI Forum (in 1998) • “Design for all”  “Barrier-Free Living: Suggestions and Visions for Living” • Product development and building modifications

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