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Naming Ions and Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds

Learn how to name and write formulas for monoatomic and polyatomic ions, binary ionic compounds, and compounds with polyatomic ions in this comprehensive guide.

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Naming Ions and Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds

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  1. Naming Ions and Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds

  2. Monoatomic ions • single atom with a charge • Cation - + charge from losing e- • Anion - - charge from gaining e- • Cations are the name of the element. For example: Na+ sodium ion Mg2+ magnesium ion • Anions change the ending to –ide. For example: O2- oxide Cl- chloride

  3. -1 Charge Acetate CH3COO- or C2H3O2- Nitrite NO2- Nitrate NO3- Cyanide CN- Hydroxide OH- Hypochlorite ClO- Chlorite ClO2- Chlorate ClO3- Perchlorate ClO4- -2 Charge Sulfite SO32- Sulfate SO42- Carbonate CO32- -3 Charge Phosphate PO43- +1 Charge Ammonium NH4+ Polyatomic ionscomposed of more than one atom

  4. NAMING/WRITING BINARY IONIC COMPOUNDS • Binary – compound made of two kinds of elements • Examples: NaCl, MgBr2, FeI3

  5. Writing the formulas Cation (+) first Anion (-) last “criss-cross” method Naming the formulas Cation (+) first Anion (-) last Examples: NaCl sodium chloride MgBr2 magnesium bromide FeI3 iron iodide

  6. Writing the formulas Cation (+) first Anion (-) last “criss-cross” method Naming the formulas Cation (+) first Anion (-) last Examples: NH4Cl ammonium chloride Ca(OH)2 calcium hydroxide Na2SO4 sodium sulfate NAMING/WRITING COMPOUNDS WITH POLYATOMIC IONS

  7. Stock Systemusing Roman numerals in nomenclature • Used for transition metals with more than one possible charge (there are others) FOR EXAMPLE: FeCl2 and FeCl3 are both iron chloride. To differentiate, use the stock system: • FeCl2 = iron (II) chloride • FeCl3 = iron (III) chloride • Any element to the left of the zig-zag line except groups 1 and 2, Al, Ga, Zn, In, Cd, and Ag

  8. Hinge Questions: Write the names for these formulas. • CaI2 • NiO • Al2S3

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