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Fascism on the Rise: Italy

Fascism on the Rise: Italy . Objective 1: Describe how conditions in Italy favored the rise of Mussolini Objective 2: Understand the values and goals of fascist ideology . Weak Alliances + Weak Governments + Weak Economies = DICTATORSHIPS & TOTALITARIANISM. Fascism on the Rise.

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Fascism on the Rise: Italy

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  1. Fascism on the Rise:Italy Objective 1: Describe how conditions in Italy favored the rise of Mussolini Objective 2: Understand the values and goals of fascist ideology

  2. Weak Alliances + Weak Governments + Weak Economies = DICTATORSHIPS & TOTALITARIANISM

  3. Fascism on the Rise • Def: Any centralized, authoritarian government that is not communist whose policies glorify the state (extreme nationalism) over the individual and are destructive to human rights. It is anti-democratic, anti-parliamentary and often anti-Semitic. • Wanted no conflict by class or party and held only a single national purpose • The needs of the state outweigh the needs of the individual • Use fear and police surveillance to keep control

  4. Benito Mussolini (1883-1945) • Began the party in 1919 along with others (veterans, etc..) who were resentful that Italy had been “cheated” in Paris • Used fear of Communism and promises of peace to gain support • “Black Shirts” as intimidation • Played up Italian nationalism to gain support

  5. Gaining Control • Mussolini created the “Black Shirts”, who were militants in the fascist party, wanted violent action instead of a democratic process • Broke up socialist rallies, smashed leftist presses, etc… • Intimidation in Northern Italy caused elected officials to leave • Actions accepted by many Italians who lost faith in their constitutional government

  6. The March on Rome • 1921 elections sent 34 fascists to the gov’t • October of 1922 Mussolini and the Fascists marched on Rome and King Victor Emmanuel III • November 23 1922 king and parliament granted Mussolini dictatorial authority for one year to bring order to local government

  7. By 1926: “Il duce” One party system Heavy Fascist propaganda Secret Police created to enforce gov’t. rule Freedom of speech eliminated "Benito Mussolini loves children a lot. The children of Italy love the Duce a lot. Long live Il Duce !. A salute to Il Duce: Here's to us!". Fascist Ita

  8. State over the Individual - Propaganda “The function of a citizen and a soldier are inseparable” “It is the State which educates its citizens in civic virtue, gives them a consciousness of their mission and welds them into unity.”

  9. The Black Brigades Ready, Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow. Fighting for the honor of Italy

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