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Higgs Particle Research in CDF Experiment: Tevatron and LHC Discoveries

This study explores the Higgs particle through CDF experiments at Tevatron, focusing on measurements, constraints, and discoveries. It covers relevant findings from 2001 to 2013, including mass, decay modes, and Higgs couplings to fermions and bosons. The research at both Tevatron and the LHC sheds light on key aspects of the Standard Model and Higgs properties.

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Higgs Particle Research in CDF Experiment: Tevatron and LHC Discoveries

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  1. CDF実験でのヒッグス粒子の研究 佐藤構二， CDF Collaboration 日本物理学会　２０１３年秋季大会 高知大学，２０１３年９月２１日

  2. Tevatron Run II • collisions at s = 1.96 TeV(1.8 TeV in Run I). • Run II: Summer 2001 - Autumn 2011. • Collisions at world highest energy until Nov 2009. • Energy frontier for ～25 years!! • Two detectors (CDF and D0) for wide range of physics studies. • Delivered: 12 fb-1. • Recorded by CDF: 10 fb-1. • Recorded by D0: 10 fb-1.

  3. CDF and D0 Detectors • Both are multipurpose detectors: • Top/EWK measurements, Searches for Higgs and New Phenomena, and B physics. • Precision tracking with Silicon in 1.5 (CDF)/1.9 T (D0) Solenoid field. • EM/Had calorimeters for e/g/jet measurement. • Outer muon chambers. D0 CDF

  4. Constraint on Higgs Mass • Mass of Top Quark (World Average): Tevatron Run I result： mtop = 178.0  4.3 GeV/c2 With Tevatron Run II results： mtop = 173.2  0.9 GeV/c2 • Mass of W Boson (World Average): Before Tevatron Run II： mW=80.426±0.034 GeV/c2 With Tevatron Run II results： mW=80.385±0.015 GeV/c2 Before Tevatron Run II results (Spring 2004) With Tevatron Run II results (Winter2013) • Mhiggs<152GeV/c2 （95% CL) . • ….was Mhiggs<251 GeV/c2(95% CL) in Spring 2004.

  5. Higgs Discovery by LHC, Summer 2012 ATLAS: 5.9 σ from Background CMS: 5.0 σ from Background Discovery was driven by and decay modes.

  6. What We Want to Remember!! TEVATRON Summer 2012: Excessat GeV/c2 mass region. 3.1 σ from Background in Combination of searches for analyses. Complementary to LHC results Discovery was driven by and decay modes.

  7. Tevatron Winter 2013 Combination • Final full combination of Tevatron Higgs searches. • Published on Sep 17: • CDF: Phys. Rev. D 88, 052013 (2013). • D0: Phys. Rev. D 88, 052011 (2013). • CDF&D0: Phys. Rev. D 88, 052014 (2013). • Although we know from LHC results, we present our search results over full mass range. • Analysis updates in a few channels since last Summer. • Studies of Higgs couplings to Fermions and Bosons.

  8. SM Higgs Production and Decay at Tevatron Channels with best sensitivity are: • mH<135 GeV (low mass): • gg→H→bb is difficult to see. • Look for WH/ZH with leptonic vector boson decays. • mH>135 GeV (high mass): • Easiest to look for H→WW→lnln.

  9. CDF and D0 analyses

  10. CDF: Analysis • NN B-tagging algorithm. • Two operation points (T/L). • Subdivision of events to 4 b-tag categories (TT/TL/Tx/LL) • Trained 3 NN to further subdivide analysis sample. • Separate signal from , +jets, diboson. • Final discrimintnt NN trained to separate signal from all backgrounds. • or + 2 or 3 jets. • / trigger + MET trigger (for ’s which trigger failed to identify). Final Discriminant = separate Signal from all Bkgd. +jets like diboson like signal like like Candidate event NN Diboson NN +jetsNN

  11. General Strategy for Improved Sensitivity • Utilize Multivariate Algorithms (MVA) for better S/B separation. • Neural Net, Boosted Decision Tree, Matrix Element, etc. • Training of multiple MVAs in many channels. • Maximize trigger efficiency of each analysis. • Analysis of events through different triggers. • Maximize acceptance of leptons. • Use isolated tracks as low quality lepton candidates. • Improved b-tagging (low mass analyses) • Algorithms based on MVA. • Divide analysis sample into high/low purity subsamples. • Subdivision due to lepton and b-tag quality.

  12. History of Analysis Improvement • Tevatron analyses have been constantly improved. • Improvement is far better than expected due to increase in data!! Expected sensitivity for CDF searches:

  13. CDF and D0: Combined Limit CDF D0 D0 excludes (95% C.L.): 90 < mH < 101 GeV/c2 157 < mH < 178 GeV/c2 Expected exclusion (95% C.L.): 155< mH < 175 GeV/c2 CDF excludes (95% C.L.): 90 < mH < 102 GeV/c2 149 < mH < 172 GeV/c2 Expected exclusion (95% C.L.): 90 < mH < 94,96 < mH < 106 GeV/c2 153 < mH < 175 GeV/c2

  14. CDF+D0 Combined Limit Tevatron excludes: 90<mH<109, 149<mH<182 GeV/c2 Expected exclusion: 90<mH<120, 140<mH< 184 GeV/c2 Broad excess at 115-140 GeV/c2 Corresponding to 3.0σ for mH=125 GeV/c2

  15. Signal Cross Section Best Fit • for . • Consistent across different decay modes. • Assuming the SM Higgs branching ratio: • Fit separately by decay mode for :

  16. Studies of Higgs Couplings • Coupling scale factor w.r.t. SM: • Kf : Fermion coupling Hff • KW, KZ, KV : Boson couplings HWW, HZZ, HVV KZ • Follow prescription of LHC Higgs working group arxiv:1209.0040. • Assume a SM-like Higgs particle of 125 GeV. Kf KW Kf

  17. Test of Custodial Symmetry • floating. • Compute posterior probability density for . SM

  18. Constraint on HVV and Hff Couplings • Assuming: • Result is consistent with SM. • Preferred regions around , • Negative values preferred for due to excess.

  19. Summary • Extensive search for Higgs boson with full Tevatron dataset. • Analyses evolved throughout Run II. • Excluded: 90<mH<109, 149<mH<182 GeV/c2(95% C.L.) • Observed a broad excess in115<mH<140 GeV/c2. • Higgs Mass consistent with LHC. • 3.0 standard deviations at . • Excess is shared between CDF and D0. • Excess mainly from . • for . • Studies of Fermion and Boson couplings. • Consistent with SM expectations. • Complementary to LHC studies.

  20. Backup

  21. Distribution of the Candidate Events Candidate events in all the combined analyses: Data - Background

  22. P-value of the Tevatron Combination • 3.0 standard deviations at .

  23. D0: Channel • , or pair within GeV. • BDT to reject in , events. • are considered as signal. • Events with different jet multiplicity have different s/b composition. • Separately analyze 0, 1, ≥2 jet bins. • Subdivision of sample into WW-enriched/depleted by WW-BDT. • Train a final BDT discriminant against all background. Distributions of the Final discriminant (only showing channel): 0 jet WW-enriched 0 jet WW-depled ≥2 jet

  24. Tevatron Combination by Channel

  25. Sensitivity of Individual Channel Old plot, just for illustration purposes

  26. Summer 2012 Summer 2012 HCP 27

  27. Improved b-tagging Jet Displaced Tracks CDF and D0 combine information of secondary vertex and tracks within jet cone by MVA (NN and BDT). Secondary Vertex Primary Vertex

  28. B-jet energy correction by NN(CDF llbb channel) After NN Correction: Before NN Correction: Resolution on

  29. Systematics (CDF llbb channel) • The effect of Jet Energy Scale on the distribution shape is also considered. • SysyrmsticuncertaintydegradesensitivitytoZHsignalbyapproximately13%.

  30. 2013 Collected Event Distribution Tevatron CDF D0

  31. 2013 Best Fit Tevatron CDF D0

  32. HWW, HZZ and Hff Couplings , or Negative values preferred for and due to excess.

  33. HWW and HZZ Couplings • floating. • Result is consistent with SM. • Preferred region around:

  34. Limits by Experiment D0 CDF

  35. CDF H->γγ

  36. Coupling Factor for 2 KW Kf +

  37. D0 Spin and Parity Measurement • LHC results in bosonic decay modes favor . • Tevatron sensitive in decay mode. • Visible mass of system is sensitive to assignment. - J. Ellis et al., JHEP 1211, 134 (2012)

  38. D0 Spin and Parity Measurement 2 • , H1=(+bkg) / H0=(+bkg). • Exclude at 99.9% C.L. (in favor of ). • Suppose excess is admixture of and particles: • Exclude fraction at 95% C.L (in favor of pure ).

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