ADL’s and Hygeine

1. ADL’s and Hygeine

2. Oral Hygiene • A. Definition • 1. Care of the mouth and teeth • 2. Ideally should be done * • 3. Realistically in a nursing home is done * • 4. Residents should always be encouraged to be independent as much as possible • B. Benefits • 1. Prevents tooth decay • 2. Eliminates * • 3. Contributes to resident’s comfort

3. Oral Hygiene • Residents/Patients requiring frequent oral hygiene (maybe as often as every 2 hours) • 1. unconscious • 2. * • 3. those experiencing high temperature • 4. those receiving certain medications • 5. * • 6. mouth breathers • 7. those receiving * • 8. *

4. Oral Hygiene - Procedure • Best to use a *if considered safe • If someone has trouble swallowing, unconscious, better to use a special mouth sponge with toothpaste in the sponge • dipped in ½ strength mouthwash and water • excess water squeezed out • head of resident turned to side and mouth cleaned • When doing oral hygiene • all surfaces of the teeth should be cleaned • * • mouth washed after cleansing with ½ strength mouth wash, if safe for resident • *worn throughout

5. Oral Hygiene - Supplies • 1. * • 2. Gloves • 3. Toothpaste • 4. * • 5. Toothbrush • 6. * • 7. Glass ½-filled with water

6. Oral Hygiene – Denture Care • 1. Artificial teeth that are removable. • 2. Responsibility of nurse aide • a. use *when handling dentures • b. see that dentures are kept clean • c. see that the dentures are not * • d. store dentures safely when out of the resident’s mouth • e. keep in container labeled with resident’s *on top or side • f. store in clean, cool water or special cleansing solution

7. Oral Hygiene – Denture Care • 3. When cleaning • rinse with lukewarm to cool water. Never use really hot or cold water as it * • pad bottom of the sink or emesis basin with * to prevent breaking if dentures should be dropped accidentally • put gloves on to remove and use a tissue to remove *. • place index finger against the roof of the mouth • thumb against front teeth • gently press and lift out at same time • you will feel seal release • then remove * • when replacing dentures in mouth, lower dentures first, then uppers. Lowers help secure uppers. • brush all surfaces of dentures, upper and lower • before replacing, wash mouth and tongue with sponge cleaner and rinse with ½ strength mouthwash and water.

8. Eyeglasses • Keep clean by rinsing with water and drying with special lens paper or soft, nonabrasive tissue • Store in container in * when not in use • Glasses should be kept * of patient • Encourage resident to wear whenever possible

9. Daily Shaving • Residents should be shaved daily • Remember, when shaving • use the resident’s * if possible. Otherwise use disposable, sharp safety razors • if resident is receiving *, use an electric razor if possible • if oxygen is being administered, discontinue for this procedure if possible • elderly women sometimes grow hair on their faces and chins. Shaving is permitted but *in some facilities.

10. Daily Shaving - Procedure • Moisten the beard with warm, wet washcloth • Apply shaving cream • Do not moisten beard if you intend to use an * • Start in front of the ear • hold skin taut • bring razor down over cheek toward chin • repeat until lather has been removed and area shaved • remove hair from under the nose and above upper lip by moving razor in short, downward strokes from nose to lip • shave skin carefully; having person tense area helps • shave neck area on each side, bringing razor * • use short, firm strokes; * • wash face and neck; dry thoroughly • if skin is nicked, apply pressure directly over are and report to nurse in charge • *

11. Daily Hair Care • Usually performed after bath • Brushing hair • stimulates circulation of the scalp • * • removes dust and lint • helps to keep the hair shiny and attractive • If hair is snarled • work section by section • unsnarl hair, beginning near the *and working toward the * • gum may be removed with ice or peanut butter

12. Feeding the Patient • A. Allow patient to do as much for themselves as possible • B. Use * whenever necessary • C. Procedure • give * and make certain the resident has carefully chewed and swallowed the food • if feeding one with weakness on one side of mouth or both sides, make sure that food isn’t being * • patients can’t always feel food in their mouths and would not be aware of some was being stashed in the cheeks • be careful when removing the fork or spoon so utensil does not scrape the roof of the mouth (*)

13. Feeding the Patient • Procedure - Continued • Use a straw when giving liquids. Direct the straw by holding it *. Hold the straw until the patient releases it from his/her mouth • Offer fluids often. Some need it after each mouthful of solid food • *each mouthful. • Feed as you would eat • When preparing the tray, find out how resident wants their food. For example, some do not like butter, but prefer jam, sugar in tea, etc.

14. Dressing • Let person select their clothing • Let them do as much of the dressing as possible • Position in front of a mirror if one is available • Dress *, then strongest • Undress *, then weakest • Use * the resident to care for herself/himself

15. Nail Care • Care to the fingernails is allowed by the state of Texas. Care of toenails by nurse aides is *, due to diminished circulation of the lower extremities in elderly and ill people. • Should a cut occur, infection might set in and healing be very difficult. • *are brought in to perform foot care. • Even where fingernails are concerned, do not do on a *. • Procedure • soak nails for at least 5 minutes. • Nails can be cleaned while soaking • Use an orange stick to push cuticles back • Clip the nails either straight across or slightly rounded • File any rough edges