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Rome

Rome. The Influence of Geography. The Alps Protection from invasion The Apennines Not as divisive as the mts. In Greece The Tiber (food/trans) 18 miles from the sea The 7 hills pasture land and wood Fertile plain (good soil). The 7 Hills of Rome. Early People.

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Rome

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  1. Rome

  2. The Influence of Geography • The Alps • Protection from invasion • The Apennines • Not as divisive as the mts. In Greece • The Tiber (food/trans) • 18 miles from the sea • The 7 hills • pasture land and wood • Fertile plain (good soil)

  3. The 7 Hills of Rome

  4. Early People • The Latins migrated in 800 B.C. • Settled along the Tiber River • Herded and Farmed

  5. Legend • Romulus and Remus founded the city • Sons of a Latin Woman and the war god Mars • Why is this important? • Romans Divine origin

  6. Etruscans • Early settlers to the north of Rome • Romans learned a great deal from them • Alphabet • Arch in construction • Engineering techniques to drain lands • Gods and Goddesses

  7. Roman Republic • Drove Etruscans out in 509 B.C. • Established a republic • Res publica, “that which belongs to the people”

  8. Structuring the Republic • Senate made the laws and controlled the government • Originally made up of 300 members - Patricians • Members of the land holding upper class • Consuls • Two consuls selected each year • Supervise the business of government and command the armies • Served only one term

  9. Dictator • In the event of war a dictator could be chosen • Complete ruler for 6 months • Cincinnatus • Organized an army • Led the Romans to victory • Attended victory celebrations • Returned home to his farm • All in 15 days!

  10. Plebeians • Farmers, merchants, and artisans (vast majority of population) • Gained the right to elect their own officials • Had the power to veto laws • Eventually plebeians were chosen as consuls and eventually senators

  11. The Laws of the Twelve Tables • Set up in the Forum (marketplace) • Citizens now knew the laws

  12. The Struggle of the Orders 451-265 BC • Plebeians slowly gained more rights • How? • The 12 tables (451 BC) • 10 Tribunes • No enslavement for debt • Marry Patricians • Enter Priesthood • Eventually won the right to become Consul / Senator

  13. The Roman Army • Divided into legions of between five and six thousand Roman citizens • All citizens had to serve (length of service varied) • Century: (80 men under the command of a Centurion. (Highest ranking non patrician) • Cohorts: 6 centuries (480) • Legions: 10 cohorts (4,800) Each with its own standard and legionary Eagles • Auxiliary troops made up of non-citizens were called on to support the regular army • Discipline: Decimation

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