1. Man and Energy • Pongthep Suwanwaree, Ph.D. • School of Biology • Institute of Science • Suranaree University of Technology • 18 January 2005

2. What is the meaning of Energy? • Potential Energy • Kinetic Energy

5. Energy in sun light

6. Quality of energy

7. Energy evolution 1 Late 1700s

9. Energy evolution 2 1960s Late 1800s 1940s Industrial Revolution

14. Types of Energy • Nonrenewable • Renewable

15. Important nonrenewable energy resources

17. Shifts in the use of commecial energy resources in the U.S.

18. World commercial energy use 1999

22. Thai commercial energy use 2000

25. 1. Crude oil (Petroleum) Proven world oil reserves (billions of barrels) in 1997

29. Oil drilling 1 Cook Inlet of Southern Alaska

30. Oil drilling 2 Sahara Desert of Algeria

31. Refining crude oil

33. Major trade routes for the world’s oil

35. Advantages of using conventional oil as an energy resource • Ample supply for 42-93 years • Low cost (with huge subsidies) • High net energy yield • Easily transported within and between countries • Low land use

36. Disadvantages of using conventional oil as an energy resource • Need to find substitute within 50 years • Artificially low price encourages waste and discourages search for alternatives • Air pollution when burned • Releases CO2 when burned • Moderate water pollution

40. 2. Natural gas

41. Natural gas deposite

43. Advantages of using conventional natural gas as an energy resourse • Ample supplies (125 years) • High net energy yield • Low cost (with huge subsidies) • Less air pollution than other fossil fuels • Lower CO2 emissions than other fossil fuels • Moderate environmental impact

44. Advantages of using conventional natural gas as an energy resource • Easily transported by pipeline • Low land use • Good fuel for fuel cells and gas turbines

45. Disadvantages of using conventional natural gas as an energy resource • Releases CO2 when burned • Methane (a greenhouse gas) can leak from pipelines • Shipped across ocean as highly explosive LNG • Sometimes burned off and wasted at wells because of low price

46. 3. Coal World coal reserves (billions of tons) in 1997 (antracite+bituminous)

48. Types of coal

49. Coal formation 1

50. Coal formation 2