Chapter 3 sections 1-2, p. 112-127

1. Chapter 3sections 1-2, p. 112-127 Jasmine Gomez Jorge Herrera Lauren Daniels Mimi Ikejiani

2. Jeffersonian Republicanism • P: Southern Dominance • E: Cost • D: the decline influenced New England and Federalist • S: 1st to take office in new federal capital

3. Marbury v. Madison • P: had to do with government, changed judicial view • E: Court cost • D: • S: changed social views

4. John Marshall • P: federalist administration, congress • E: cost • D: • S: became Secretary of State

5. Judicial Review • P: the U.S. Supreme Court can declare a law as unconstitutional or not. • E: law could have applied to something related to the economy. • D: • S: opinions of different people

6. Louisiana Purchase • P: U.S. bought Louisiana back from the French • E: cost U.S. $15 billion • D: Napoleon hoped to build a colonial empire in the west indies, Americans worried that this would force U.S. into an alliance with Great Britain • S: more people/ higher population

7. Impressments • P: Americans focused their anger on Britain cause of the British policy of impressments • E: • D: France and Britain both threatened U.S. ships between 1805 and 1814, Britain was “impressing” or drafting Americans into the British Navy • S:

8. James Monroe • P: was elected for President in 1816 • E: National interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns, such as slavery in the south or tariffs in the northeast • D: • S:

9. Monroe Doctrine • P: became a foundation to future American policy. Required strong patriotic sentiments and strong leaders like Andrew Jackson to hold the nation together. • E: • D: When Napoleon was defeated in 1815, Portugal and Spain wanted to reclaim their former colonies in Latin America. Monroe told all European powers not to interfere with affairs in the western hemisphere and that they shouldn’t attempt to create new colonies. • S:

10. Henry Clay • P: Secretary of State; accused of stealing the presidency from Andrew Jackson; his followers were called the National Republican Party; Missouri Compromise • E: Tariff bill- gradually lower duties over 10 years • D: American System- move U.S. toward economic independence • S: Tension between states’ rights and federal authority temporarily subsided.

11. The American System • P: North, South, and West developing different economies so this was supposed to keep them together • E: economic independence from Britain and Europe • D: protective tariff and rechartering the National Bank • S: unified currency, unified nation

12. John C. Calhoun • P: him and Henry Clay convinced congressmen to approve Tariff of 1816; Developed Theory of Nullification • E: blamed 1828 tariff for economic decline in the south • D: believed the south depended on exports and imports with Britain • S: Theory of Nullification- unjust law declared nullified by 13 original states, only in the states that declared the law that way

13. Missouri Compromise • P: somewhat resolved the sectional conflicts • E: an effort to unify the nation, make both sides happy • D: • S: Line split Louisiana territory; Missouri was a slave state, Maine was a free state, and any state north of the line was free and any state south of the line was slave

14. Andrew Jackson • P: him and his followers called the Democratic Party • E: tried to take power away from the second bank; took governments funds out of Bank of U.S. and put it in smaller banks so Bank of U.S. became a typical bank, lost all of its power • D: he had Scottish-Irish parents • S: supported Indian Removal Act- funds to negotiate treaties to force Indians to move west

15. John Quincy Adams • P: accused of stealing the presidency • E: accused of bribing Henry Clay • D: • S: developed Republican and Democratic parties; more voters over the years

16. Jacksonian Democracy • P: power to all classes • E: more jobs, movement of Indians • D: thought more of himself • S: jobs to friends

17. Trail of Tears • P: more land • E: • D: • S: death of Indians; suffered of cold and hunger and diseases

18. John Tyler • P: opposed many parts of the Whig program; halted hopes Whig reforms • E: weak economy • D: • S: new politicians appealed more to passion than to reason

19. Chapter 3 Section 3-5

20. Manifest Destiny • P: government funded exploration • E: new business, new materials, new land, gold and slaves. • D: over taking natives and acquiring land from other nations. • S: colonies and business

21. Santé Fe Trail • P: more representation and congress • E: more industry, gold rush agriculture • D: immigrants, Indians, Europe at north America. • S: growing populations, Indian immigrants

22. Oregon Trail • P: more representation and congress • E: more industry, gold rush, agriculture • D:immigrants, Indians , Europe at North America. • S: pioneers explores and missionary

23. Stephan F Austin • P: reserved the grants from Spain after the independence. • E: Promoted settling in Texas • D: annex of Texas • S: mixed culture, Mexican/American settlers and Texans. No drinking or gambling in new colonies.

24. Texas Revolution • P: Mexico wanted them a part of them and Texas wanted freedom. Politics unstable in Mexico. • E:settlers brought slaves • D: tension between tribes and government • S: mixing cultures, Mexican and Americans

25. The Alamo • P: Texas declared independence • E: cost of war and lost territory • D: separation of land • S: bring Texas together as its own.

26. Sam Huston • P: treaty of valasco, granting independence from Mexico. • E: new Texas economy • D: new republic of Texas, new territory for settling. • S: brought new moral to a state

27. James K Polk • P: 1844 election, won • E: new land for u.s. • D: supported Texas’s annexation • S: supports slavery

28. Treaty of Guadalupe/Hidalgo • P: America/ Mexico agreement • E: U.S agree to pay for the Mexican cession • D: end to fighting between U.S and Mexico • S: includes California, Nevada , New Mexico , Utah , Arizona , Colorado and Wyoming .

29. Market Revolution • P:Telographs to railroads allowed for better advertisement of politicians. • E: vast economic changes , buying to selling multiplied • D: easier transportation (erie canal ) and more imports/exports • S:increase of factories and stores

30. Free Enterprise • P: no government and free change • E: new inventions and products and increased buying to selling. • D: w/o government regulation small business can easily export to other countries. • S: more businessmen entrepreneurs and business boan instead of agriculture.

31. Entrepreneurs • P: anyone can become well known, many politicians also invested in business. • E: in pursuit of profit and invested in money in new industries. • D: • S: anyone has that opportunity “American Dream”

32. Lowell Textile • P: Company became a large influence on community brought jobs, ppl and money. • E: thousands of people left farming, for work in lowell • D: ppl came from all around to get jobs in lowell • S : group of entrepreneurs coming together

33. Immigration • P: more voters • E: more jobs being taken and money being spent. • D: more cultural influence/variation in community to business. • S: mixed cultures

34. Commonwealth v. Hunt • P: courts support strike lights • E: halted production and low income for bus/workers • D: effected Global trade • S: unrest for employees in workplace, religious of social reform movements went hand and hand

35. Abolition • P: series of reforms w/I the government • E: Hindered plantation production and have to pay workers, loss of income • D: trade with Africa and Europe for slaves ceased • S: no slavery , more free citizens

36. Transcendentalism • P: not very invented in government based off personal imagination. • E: new business, class, artisans and merchants • D: worldwide revelation • S: boom in art/ music/myths and emphasis an independence thinking.

37. William Lloyd Garrison • P: he supported abolition of slavery • E: equal business opportunities for black and white. • D: started in north and slowly spread, gained support of other countries too. • S: founder of newspaper the “liberator” (antislavery)

38. Seneca Falls Convention • P:Women's right to vote • E: more working throughout more occupation • D: • S: not only stay at home moms and taking on new jobs.