28.3 Battle Over Reconstruction

1. 28.3 Battle Over Reconstruction Main Idea Congress and the president continue to fight over Reconstruction, while the South try to strip A.A. of their rights. Why It Matters Now The struggle for A.A. rights will continue well into the recent times.

2. CA. Standards • 8.11.3 Effects of Freedman’s Bureau and restrictions placed on A.A. in the South. • 8.11.4 Trace the rise of the Ku Klux Klan and describe the Klan’s effect. • 8.11.5Understand the 13-15th Amendments and their connection to Reconstruction.

3. Daily Guided Questions • How did President Johnson and Congress disagree over the policy of Reconstruction? • In which ways did Southern whites react to the freedoms given to the African Americans? • What did the 14th and 15th Amendment do?

4. Pop Quiz • On the right hand side. • Number 1-9. • For numbers 1-5, just write the letter. • 6-9, write T for True, F for False. -If False, replace the words or statement with the correct one. • Continue under your quiz with the notes.

5. T-Chart • Copy the T-Chart that is on page 428 in your textbook. • Title it “Opposing Plans for Reconstruction.” • Answer questions a and b. • You have five minutes.

6. Andrew Johnson’s Plan • Broad amnesty to ex-Confederates. • Southern states can organize government and send representatives to Congress. • Had to ratify the 13th Amendment.

7. Congress Rejects • Refused Southern senators and representatives. -prevented ex-CSA to control southern politics. • Formed committee to create a new plan for the South. -Wanted to protect freedmen and give them the right to vote.

8. Johnson’s Vetoes • Congress passes the Civil Rights Act of 1866. -Granted citizenship to A.A. and guaranteed civil rights to all except Native Americans. • Johnson vetoes the bill and another extending the life of Freedman’s Bureau. • Congress overturns both vetoes with 2/3 votes for them.

10. Reflect and Share • Take a minute to answer the first DGQ. • Then share the answer with your partner. • Add/Change your answer. How did President Johnson and Congress disagree over the policy of Reconstruction?

11. 14thAmendment, 1868 • All people born or naturalized in the U.S.A are citizens. • States can not pass laws that go against the amendment. -If they do, they will have representation reduced. • All males over the age of 21 can vote. • Approved 1868, after not passing the first time. -Once Radical Republicans took control of Reconstruction, it passed. • Ex-CSA couldn’t hold office in Congress.

12. Radical Reconstruction • Due to violence in southern cities, Radicals push for stricter Reconstruction. • Reconstruction Act of 1867. -Imposed military rule on states that rejected the 14th Amendment, place them in one of five military districts. -Had to write new state constitution. -All A.A. male right to vote.

13. Military Districts • In the South -Soldiers helped register A.A. to vote. -In five states black voters outnumbered white ones. • Republicans won every state in the South. -Open public schools. -Spread taxes evenly. -Gave property rights to women. -Rebuilt bridges, roads, and buildings due to war.

15. Backing the Republicans • A.A. playing a more active role. -16 in the House of Representatives from 1872-1901. -Hiram Revels and Blanche K. Bruce, served in the Senate. • Scalawags: Southern whites who opposed secession. • Carpetbaggers: Northern whites who went to the South to start businesses and political careers.

17. Impeachment • Bring formal charges against a public official. • Radical Republicans try to get rid of President Johnson. -Violated Tenure of Office Act. -Escaped removal by one vote.

18. Black Codes • Black Codes: New laws used in the southern states to control A.A. -Couldn’t vote or serve on juries. -If couldn’t pay fines, sheriff could hire out A.A to whites who paid fines. -Couldn’t work as anything but on farms and servants. -Illegal to make or sell liquor. -Couldn’t enter states without “good behavior” bond. -Couldn’t sell farm products without permission from white employer.

19. Ku Klux Klan • White supremacy secret society. • Wore white hoods and robes to terrorize A.A. and white allies. • Violence and lynching lead to hundreds of deaths and decline of A.A. voting.

21. Reflect and Share • Take a minute to answer the second DGQ. • Then share the answer with your partner. • Add/Change your answer. In which ways did Southern whites react to the freedoms given to the African Americans?

22. Election of 1868 • Republican Ulysses S. Grant wins election. -500,000 A.A. voted. -Won 26 of 34 states. • Supported by N. businessmen. -Radicals begin to lose power.

23. 15th Amendment • Barred all states from denying the right to vote due to race, color or previous condition of servitude. • Approved, 1870.

24. Reflect and Share • Take a minute to answer the third DGQ. • Then share the answer with your partner. • Add/Change your answer. What did the 14th and 15th Amendment do?

25. Primary Source pg. 639 • Read the primary source, The Ku Klux Klan, on page 639. • Read everything on the page and then answer the questions at the bottom.

26. 6 C’ of Primary Sources Analysis • Look at the political cartoon carefully. • Turn the WS over and copy the boxes and titles down. • Answer the questions in the boxes. -Content (What do you see) -Citation (creator, more information on pg.430) -Context (What is going around there, where is it happening) -Connections (explain everything that is going on) -Communication (What is the POV, bias) -Conclusions (How does it help in your learning)

27. Study Guide pg. 193 • On the right side please copy and complete the study guide on pg. 193, using your notes and textbook pages 426-431 to fill it out. • You have 30 minutes to complete it.