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Part 3

Part 3. UNDERSTANDING CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTS. Provider Gap 1. CUSTOMER. Expected Service. Listening Gap . COMPANY. Company Perceptions of Consumer Expectations. Part 3 Opener. Common Research Objectives for Services . To discover customer requirements or expectations for service.

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Part 3

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  1. Part 3 UNDERSTANDING CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTS

  2. Provider Gap 1 CUSTOMER Expected Service Listening Gap COMPANY Company Perceptions of Consumer Expectations Part 3 Opener

  3. Common Research Objectives for Services • To discover customer requirements or expectations for service. • To monitor and track service performance. • To assess overall company performance compared with that of competition. • To assess gaps between customer expectations and perceptions. • To identify dissatisfied customers, so that service recovery can be attempted. • To gauge effectiveness of changes in service delivery. • To appraise the service performance of individuals and teams for evaluation, recognition, and rewards. • To determine customer expectations for a new service. • To monitor changing customer expectations in an industry. • To forecast future expectations of customers.

  4. Criteria for an EffectiveService Research Program • Includes both qualitative and quantitative research • Includes both expectations and perceptions of customers • Balances the cost of the research and the value of the information • Includes statistical validity when necessary • Measures priorities or importance of attributes • Occurs with appropriate frequency • Includes measures of loyalty, behavioral intentions, or actual behavior

  5. Stages in the Research Process • Stage 1 : Define Problem • Stage 2 : Develop Measurement Strategy • Stage 3 : Implement Research Program • Stage 4 : Collect and Tabulate Data • Stage 5 : Interpret and Analyze Findings • Stage 6 : Report Findings

  6. Portfolio of Services Research Research Objective Type of Research Identify dissatisfied customers to attempt recovery; identify most common categories of service failure for remedial action Customer Complaint Solicitation “Relationship” Surveys Post-Transaction Surveys Customer Focus Groups “Mystery Shopping” of Service Providers Employee Surveys Assess company’s service performance compared to competitors; identify service-improvement priorities; track service improvement over time Obtain customer feedback while service experience is fresh; act on feedback quickly if negative patterns develop Use as input for quantitative surveys; provide a forum for customers to suggest service-improvement ideas Measure individual employee service behaviors for use in coaching, training, performance evaluation, recognition and rewards; identify systemic strengths and weaknesses in service Measure internal service quality; identify employee-perceived obstacles to improve service; track employee morale and attitudes Lost Customer Research Future Expectations Research Determine the reasons why customers defect Forecast future expectations of customers; develop and test new service ideas

  7. Figure 6.3Tracking of Customer Expectations and Perceptions of Service Reliability Source: E. Sivadas, “Europeans Have a Different Take on CS [Customer Satisfaction] Programs,” Marketing News, October 26, 1998, p. 39.

  8. Figure 6.4Service Quality Perceptions Relative to Zones of Tolerance 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 O O O O O Reliability Responsiveness Assurance Empathy Tangibles O = Zone of Tolerance = Service Quality Perception Retail Chain

  9. Service Quality Perceptions Relative to Zones of Tolerance 10 8 6 4 2 0 O O O O O Reliability Responsiveness Assurance Empathy Tangibles Computer Manufacturer O = Zone of Tolerance = S.Q. Perception

  10. Figure 6.5 Importance/Performance Matrix HIGH High Leverage   Attributes to Improve Attributes to Maintain      Importance Low Leverage  Low Leverage   Attributes to Maintain Attributes to De-emphasize Performance LOW HIGH

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