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Understanding Asbestos: Types, Risks, and Remedial Strategies

Asbestos is a naturally occurring fibrous mineral known for its heat resistance and insulating properties. However, its sharp, jagged fibers pose serious health risks, as highlighted in the Chief Factory Inspectors Report (1898). This document outlines the various forms of asbestos, its hazardous effects, and the need for strict regulations in workplace environments. It emphasizes the importance of monitoring and managing asbestos-containing materials, including recording their locations and ensuring safe removal or encapsulation to prevent exposure to airborne fibers.

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Understanding Asbestos: Types, Risks, and Remedial Strategies

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  1. BASIC PRINCIPLES IN OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE Day 3

  2. 11 - ASBESTOS

  3. Asbestos “the evil effects of asbestos dust” … “sharp, glass-like, jagged nature of the particles … effects have been found to be injurious” - The Chief Factory Inspectors Report UK (1898)

  4. Types of Asbestos

  5. What is Asbestos? • A naturally occurring, mined, fibrous silicate mineral with various compositions & structures • Used extensively as a heat insulator & fire resistant material • Numerous different forms. Present as sheet; board; rope; or mixed with plaster.

  6. Asbestos Mines

  7. Mined Asbestos

  8. What are Fibres? • Long & thin structures • Defined by their aspect ratio [width: length] • Can be man made, mineral, animal, vegetable • Asbestos is a fibre but not all fibres are asbestos [E.g.. Mineral wool, cotton, wool, carbon fibres].

  9. WHO fibre D < 3 mm WHO fibre as measured L > 5mm L/D (aspect ratio) > 3:1 Fibres up to 100mm long have been found in the deep lung.

  10. Properties of Asbestos • Fire resistance • Mechanical strength • Chemical resistance • Thermal insulation.

  11. Uses of Asbestos Pipe Insulation Soffits Fire Blanket Paper Gasket Cement Sheets Ceiling Tile String Source: HSE

  12. Uses of Asbestos

  13. Airborne Asbestos Fibres

  14. Asbestos Register • Record the use/presence of all asbestos and asbestos-containing materials at work sites. • Record the location of all asbestos materials on site. • Ensure that the condition of asbestos-containing materials are frequently inspected and any necessary remedial action is instigated. • Ensure that any work with asbestos or asbestos-containing materials is carried out in an approved manner. • Minimise the acquisition and use of materials or equipment, which may contain asbestos.

  15. REMEDIAL TREATMENT OF ASBESTOSREMOVAL • Damaged and friable, i.e. in an easily crumbled condition, thereby having a potential for releasing airborne fibres. • Expected to deteriorate in future. • If it is likely that they will be disturbed during maintenance, construction or demolition. Asbestos-containing materials should be removed if they are:

  16. REMEDIAL TREATMENT OF ASBESTOSREPAIR / ENCAPSULATION • Wrapping the outer surface with, for example, canvas or aluminium. • Sealing with an encapsulant that seals the fibres together.

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