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Modern Primates

Click here!. Modern Primates. Lets have us a little looky-see. Some comparative terms. Arboreal v. Terrestrial Diurnal v. Nocturnal Vertical Clinging and Leaping v. Brachiation v. Quadrupedal Locomotion Herbivorous v. Carnivorous v. Omnivorous. Common Physical Primate Traits.

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Modern Primates

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  1. Click here! Modern Primates Lets have us a little looky-see

  2. Some comparative terms • Arboreal v. Terrestrial • Diurnal v. Nocturnal • Vertical Clinging and Leaping v. Brachiation v. Quadrupedal Locomotion • Herbivorous v. Carnivorous v. Omnivorous

  3. Common Physical Primate Traits

  4. Common Social Characteristics • Long-ish period of dependency • Evolutionary advantage – longer time to observe, develop complex social and survival behavior • Youth play – also develop useful skills • Coordination, fighting, social skills • Learning from others • Parents, siblings, other members of community

  5. Classifications of Primates

  6. Prosimians: Lemurlike Forms • Lemurs Prosimian Literally, “pre-monkey” Mobile ears Twinning is Common Stereoscopic vision Hind legs suggest aptitude for VCL Snouts Quadrupedal locomotion Grasping hands

  7. Prosimians: Lemurlike • Indris Vertical Clinging in action!

  8. Prosimians: Lemurlike • Aye-ayes

  9. Prosimians: Lorislike • Lorises Why such enormous eye sockets?

  10. Prosimians: Lorislike • Bushbabies Note the HUGE disparity in limb size – Textbook example of the proportions of a VCL’er

  11. Prosimians: Tarsiers • Tarsiers HUGE nocturnal eyeballs So-named due to huge ankle bones, help it leap Carnivorous (largely insectivorous) YUM!

  12. Primate Classification

  13. Anthropoids: New World Monkeys • Marmosets Flattened faces, non-mobile ears Often birth twins Males help raise young, carry them Platyrrhines – flat-nosed; wide septum, nostrils point to side

  14. Anthropoids: New World Monkeys • Tamarins

  15. Anthropoids: New World Monkeys • Cebids Generally larger than Marmosets and Tamarins ~12.5 in 1-2 lbs Single-births more common ~3 ft Up to 30 lbs Wide variation in size, social habits, etc.

  16. Anthropoids: Old World Monkeys • Colobine Monkeys Catarrhines – “hook nose” – narrow septum, downward pointing nostrils

  17. Anthropoids: Old World Monkeys • Cercopithecines - Mandrills Terrestrial Sexual dimorphism Up to ~60 lbs

  18. Anthropoids: Old World Monkeys • Cercopithecines cont’d Ischial callosities

  19. Hominoids: Hylobates • Gibbons/Siamangs Excellent Brachiators!

  20. Hominoids: Orangutans Note the striking sexual dimorphism!

  21. Hominoids: Gorillas Led by a dominant male Knuckle-walking

  22. Hominoids: Chimpanzees • Bonobos

  23. Hominoids: Chimpanzees • Chimps Knuckle- walking Expressive faces

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