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Extension of ECE Regulation for Dual-Fuel Hydrogen Engines

OICA proposes extending the ECE Regulation to include dual-fuel hydrogen engines, following an amendment for single hydrogen fuel engines. The scope of the amendment covers Type 1A engines with a diesel pilot fuel and includes provisions for corrected dry-based emission measurements using water content. Next steps involve adapting exhaust emission formulas, technology verification, and evaluating existing test methods. The proposed timeline aims for inclusion by October 2024.

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Extension of ECE Regulation for Dual-Fuel Hydrogen Engines

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  1. Informal document GRPE-90-18 90thGRPE, 10-12 January2024 Agenda item 4.(a) Type Approval of H2 Engines Extension of the ECE Regulation 49/07 to include dual-fuel hydrogen engines M. Hygrell, F. Rost, M. Schumacher / OICA GRPE Meeting 09th- 12thJanuary 2024

  2. MOTIVATION FOR AMENDMENT  Starting from an ACEA proposal, OICA undertook an initiative at UNECE GRPE to include H2 ICE into UN Reg 49/07; GRPE adopted during the January 2023 session an amendment to include single hydrogen fuel engines in the scopes of above UN Reg.  In the next future, OICA has the plan for introducing H2 also for dual-fuel engines, as second step (the related internal discussion among members is still ongoing). 2 H2 ICE R49/R85

  3. SCOPE OF AMENDMENT  Today the dual-fuel technology already exist within ECE R49 (and EuVI) for diesel fuel combined with some carbon containing gases (e.g. CNG/LNG)  The dual-fuel engines are classified in ECE R49 after their gas substitution rates in Type 1A/B, 2A/B and 3B  Today the Type 1A is also included in the European CO2 regulation and possible to declare in the VECTO tool  It is today foreseen only to validate with a ‘Type 1’* engine. Further validation with Type 2/3 depending on request and availability of engines and vehicles possible.  Integration of diluted measurement** possible if measurement systems engines and vehicles are available for validation  The proposal is to extend the ‘lean’ update for pure hydrogen ICE (WP-29 agreed 06/2023) to Dual-Fuel ‘type1A’ hydrogen engines but adding provisions for corrected dry based emission measurements for ‘type1A’ through measurement of the water content. *max 10% energy in a WHTC from the diesel pilot fuel **including H2O measurement by NDIR or FTIR 3 H2 ICE R49/R85

  4. NEXT STEPS Next steps  Adaptation of dual-fuel exhaust emission formulas as described in Annex 15, ECE R49/07 (proposal still to be defined with contribution of OICA/EC/JRC experts)  Technology verification (with support from JRC, TBC) similar to the work done for single fuel hydrogen engines. A similar set of tests have now been performed on a Dual-Fuel Hydrogen type1A prototype.  Functional verification of existing test methods regarding determination of exhaust emission  Functional verification of existing vehicle emission test methods (PEMS) seems not required, as fuel and exhaust composition is between already tested pure H2 and pure diesel.  A test package with the EuVI laboratory cycles has recently been performed including recorded EuVI ISC cycles. Evaluation of the data is ongoing.  Time frame: see next slide 4 H2 ICE R49/R85

  5. PROPOSED TIME LINE Proposed timeline for inclusion of Dual-Fuel Hydrogen engines type 1A (diesel pilot fuel) in ECE Reg49/07  Status presentation GRPE Jan-2024  Informal document GRPE May-2024  Working document GRPE October-2024 5 H2 ICE R49/R85

  6. Thank you for your attention Are there any questions 6 H2 ICE R49/R85

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