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Health, Exercise and Aging

Health, Exercise and Aging. Reality. Life expectancy 20 in 2020 Inadequate physical activity is responsible 30% of deaths. Inadequate Physical Activity. 60% of adults over 18 are sedentary At most, 20% of adults obtain sufficient regular activity Healthy People 2000. Physiologic Function.

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Health, Exercise and Aging

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  1. Health, Exercise and Aging

  2. Reality • Life expectancy • 20 in 2020 • Inadequate physical activity is responsible 30% of deaths

  3. Inadequate Physical Activity • 60% of adults over 18 are sedentary • At most, 20% of adults obtain sufficient regular activity • Healthy People 2000

  4. Physiologic Function • Increases throughout childhood & young adults • peaks in early 30s

  5. Physiologic Function 100 General level of physiologic function (%) 30 Age (years)

  6. Strength Trends • Strength and x-sectional area greatest in 3rd decade • Denervation muscle atrophy (II) • 40-50% reduction

  7. Strength Trends • Aging process •  loading • can be counter-acted

  8. Strong Elderly Ages 60-72 • 12 wk resistance (80% 1 RM) • 107%  knee  strength • 227%  knee / strength • Hypertrophy of FT & ST -->  cross-sectional area = 28 y.o.

  9. Strength Trends

  10. Strength Trends

  11. Strength Trends

  12. Neurological Trends • Central control reduction • reflexes unaffected • Loss of > 1/3 of SC Axons • Reaction Times

  13. Cardiovascular Trends • no  in resting HR •  SV   CO •  VO2max of about 1%/year • 2x in sedentary

  14. Cardiovascular Trends Effects of Exercise • regular aerobic training  no  in VO2max •  systolic / diastolic properties • SV • a-v O2 difference

  15. Body Composition Trends • 35 - 60   BW and fat • 60+   fat but BW same

  16. Body Composition Trends

  17. Body Composition Trends

  18. Trainability Ability to adapt was thought to  w/ age Healthy • rate & magnitude of physiologic improvement is independent of age • Intensity is important

  19. Effects of Physical Activity

  20. 1995 Causes of Death

  21. CAD Nonmodifiable Risk Factors • age • sex • ethnicity • male pattern baldness • family history

  22. CAD Modifiable Risk Factors • diet • blood lipids • HTN • behavior patterns • smoking • uric acid levels

  23. CAD Modifiable Risk Factors • sedentary lifestyle • pulmonary function abnormalities • obesity • DM • ECG abnormalities • stress • education

  24. Blood Pressure (18+)

  25. Cholesterol

  26. Relative level of Risk

  27. Relative level of Risk

  28. Relative Level of Risk

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