1. General Chemistry

2. General Chemistry • Prof. Steven Emory • Check webpage for updates. • IMPORTANT! Titration worksheet will be discussed on Tuesday.

3. Acid-Base Titration Curves Section 16.7 Examples 16.13 thru 16.15 Key: Relate each part of curve to a problem you have already encountered. Handout: Generalize acid-base titrations into 4 categories and identify chemical reactions that determine the pH in specific regions of the curve.

4. Acid-Base Titration Curves Section 16.7 Examples 16.13 thru 16.15 Key: Relate each part of curve to a problem you have already encountered. A 100-mL aliquot of a 0.25 M solution of NaOH is titrated with 1.00 M HBr. 1) First find the equivalence point volume (Ve). 2) Calculate the pH after the following volumes of HBr are added: 0.00, 15.00, 25.00, 35.00 mL Over half of NaOHis used by the chemical industry (25 % in paper industry). Sodium hydroxide is also used for the manufacture of sodium salts, detergents, aluminum production. HBr catalyzes many organic reactions and has been proposed for use in a utility-scale batteries.

5. Acid-Base Titration Curves Section 16.7 Examples 16.13 thru 16.15 Key: Relate each part of curve to a problem you have already encountered. A 100-mL aliquot of a 0.25 M solution of propanoic acid (pKa= 4.87) is titrated with 1.00 M KOH. 1) First find the equivalence point volume (Ve). 2) Calculate the pH after the following volumes of KOH are added: 0.00, 15.00, 25.00, 35.00 mL Propanoic acid inhibits the growth of mold and some bacteria It is consumed as a preservative for both animal and human food.

6. Titrations There are Four Cases: 1) strong acid with a strong base 2) strong base with a strong acid 3) weak acid with a strong base 4) weak base with a strong acid (1) (2) (3) (4)