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Created by Nic Weatherly. So you’re about to start working with some of the most precious children you’ll ever come into contact with…. Click here to advance to the NEXT slide!!. ….and you have a tremendous opportunity to use behavior analysis to improve a young person’s life….

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  1. Created by Nic Weatherly So you’re about to start working with some of the most precious children you’ll ever come into contact with….. Click here to advance to the NEXT slide!!

  2. ….and you have a tremendous opportunity to use behavior analysis to improve a young person’s life…..

  3. ….with discrete trial proceduresbeing the tool for this gratifying success…..

  4. ….so let’s learn how to properly administer discrete trials and really make a difference!!

  5. Behavior Analysis Hierarchy of Prompts Discrete Trial Discriminative Stimulus (SD) Prompt Reinforcement Direct-acting Consequence Indirect-acting Consequence Reinforcer Stimulus The Building Blocks

  6. The Building Blocks Reinforcer: Any stimulus, event, or condition whose presentation immediately follows a response and increases the frequency of that response.

  7. The Building Blocks Note: All non-verbal behavior is controlled by direct-acting consequences. Direct-acting Consequence: Any outcome that follows a response by 60-seconds or less.

  8. The Building Blocks Remember!! Most of the children you’re going to be working with at Croyden are non-verbal, hence only controlled by direct-acting consequences! Direct-acting Consequence: Any outcome that follows a response by 60-seconds or less.

  9. The Building Blocks Remember!! Most of the children you’re going to be working with at Croyden are non-verbal, hence are not controlled by indirect-acting consequences! Indirect-acting Consequence: Any outcome that follows a response by more than 60-seconds.

  10. The Building Blocks Stimulus: Something that can or may cause a response.

  11. The Building Blocks Prompt: A supplemental stimulus that raises the probability of a correct response.

  12. The Building Blocks Discriminative Stimulus (SD): A stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced or punished.

  13. The Building Blocks Reinforcement: The immediate, response-contingent presentation of a reinforcer resulting in an increased frequency of that response.

  14. The Building Blocks Hierarchy of Prompts: The correction procedure delivered within 3 seconds of the child failing to respond or immediately after the child makes an incorrect response.

  15. The Building Blocks The Hierarchy of Prompts consists of: Verbal Prompt (e.g. “water on”) -wait 3 seconds for child to perform the task independently ….if the child doesn’t respond correctly within 3 seconds, then go on to the next prompt.

  16. The Building Blocks The Hierarchy of Prompts consists of: Verbal Prompt (e.g. “water on”) Gestural Prompt (e.g. point to faucet handle) -wait 3 seconds for child to perform the task independently ….if the child doesn’t respond correctly then go on to the next prompt.

  17. The Building Blocks The Hierarchy of Prompts consists of: Verbal Prompt (e.g. “water on”) Gestural Prompt (e.g. point to faucet handle) Partial Physical Prompt (e.g. nudge child’s wrist) -wait 3 seconds for child to perform the task independently ….if the child doesn’t respond correctly then go on to the next prompt.

  18. The Building Blocks The Hierarchy of Prompts consists of: Verbal Prompt (e.g. “water on”) Gestural Prompt (e.g. point to faucet handle) Partial Physical Prompt (e.g. nudge child’s wrist) Full Physical Prompt (i.e. guide child to respond)

  19. The Building Blocks Note: You DO NOT provide reinforcement for a corrected response!!

  20. The Building Blocks Discrete Trial: The occasion for a response (i.e. the SD), the response, and the outcome of that response.

  21. The Building Blocks Behavior Analysis: The study of the operation of the principles of behavior with both human beings and other animals.

  22. Activity #1 Given a definition or a related question, select the term that best matches the given definition or question. Please mark your answers on the scantron provided.

  23. A supplemental stimulus that raises the probability of a correct response. #1 • Reinforcer C. Discriminative stimulus (SD) • Prompt D. Discrete trial

  24. Back to the question! Sorry…. Remember a Reinforcer is any stimulus, event, or condition whose presentation immediately follows a response and increases the frequency of that response. A supplemental stimulus that raises the probability of a correct response. • Reinforcer C. Discriminative stimulus (SD) • Prompt D. Discrete trial

  25. Back to the question! Sorry…. Remember a Discriminative Stimulus (SD) is a stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced or punished. A supplemental stimulus that raises the probability of a correct response. • Reinforcer C. Discriminative stimulus (SD) • Prompt D. Discrete trial

  26. Back to the question! Sorry…. Remember a Discrete Trial is the occasion for a response (i.e. the SD), the response, and the outcome of that response. A supplemental stimulus that raises the probability of a correct response. • Reinforcer C. Discriminative stimulus (SD) • Prompt D. Discrete trial

  27. Click here for the next question Right On!!! A supplemental stimulus that raises the probability of a correct response. • Reinforcer C. Discriminative stimulus (SD) • Prompt D. Discrete trial

  28. Any outcome that follows a response by more than 60-seconds. #2 • Discriminative stimulus (SD) C. Indirect-acting consequence • Stimulus D. Direct-acting consequence

  29. Any outcome that follows a response by more than 60-seconds. Back to the question! Sorry…. Remember a Discriminative Stimulus (SD) is a stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced or punished. • Discriminative stimulus (SD) C. Indirect-acting consequence • Stimulus D. Direct-acting consequence

  30. Any outcome that follows a response by more than 60-seconds. Back to the question! Sorry… Remember a Stimulus is something that can or may cause a response. • Discriminative stimulus (SD) C. Indirect-acting consequence • Stimulus D. Direct-acting consequence

  31. Any outcome that follows a response by more than 60-seconds. Back to the question! Sorry… Remember a Direct-acting Consequence is any outcome that follows a response by 60-seconds or less. • Discriminative stimulus (SD) C. Indirect-acting consequence • Stimulus D. Direct-acting consequence

  32. Any outcome that follows a response by more than 60-seconds. Click here for the next question Right On!!! • Discriminative stimulus (SD) C. Indirect-acting consequence • Stimulus D. Direct-acting consequence

  33. The correction procedure delivered within 3 seconds of the child failing to respond or immediately after the child makes an incorrect response. #3 • Reinforcement C. Discriminative stimulus (SD) • Discrete-Trial D. Hierarchy of Prompts

  34. The correction procedure delivered within 3 seconds of the child failing to respond or immediately after the child makes an incorrect response. Back to the question! Sorry… Remember that Reinforcement is the immediate, response-contingent presentation of a reinforcer resulting in an increased frequency of that response. • Reinforcement C. Discriminative stimulus (SD) • Discrete-Trial D. Hierarchy of Prompts

  35. The correction procedure delivered within 3 seconds of the child failing to respond or immediately after the child makes an incorrect response. Back to the question! Sorry…. Remember a Discrete Trial is the occasion for a response (i.e. the SD), the response, and the outcome of that response. • Reinforcement C. Discriminative stimulus (SD) • Discrete-Trial D. Hierarchy of Prompts

  36. The correction procedure delivered within 3 seconds of the child failing to respond or immediately after the child makes an incorrect response. Back to the question! Sorry…. Remember a Discriminative Stimulus (SD) is a stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced or punished. • Reinforcement C. Discriminative stimulus (SD) • Discrete-Trial D. Hierarchy of Prompts

  37. The correction procedure delivered within 3 seconds of the child failing to respond or immediately after the child makes an incorrect response. Click here for the next question Right On!!! • Reinforcement C. Discriminative stimulus (SD) • Discrete-Trial D. Hierarchy of Prompts

  38. The occasion for a response (i.e. the SD), the response, and the outcome of that response. #4 • Discrete trial C. Prompt • Discriminative stimulus D. Indirect-acting consequence

  39. The occasion for a response (i.e. the SD), the response, and the outcome of that response. Back to the question! Sorry…. Remember a Discriminative Stimulus (SD) is a stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced or punished. • Discrete trial C. Prompt • Discriminative stimulus D. Indirect-acting consequence

  40. The occasion for a response (i.e. the SD), the response, and the outcome of that response. Back to the question! Sorry… Remember a Prompt is a supplemental stimulus that raises the probability of a correct response. • Discrete trial C. Prompt • Discriminative stimulus D. Indirect-acting consequence

  41. The occasion for a response (i.e. the SD), the response, and the outcome of that response. Back to the question! Sorry… Remember an Indirect-acting Consequence is any outcome that follows a response by 60-seconds or less. • Discrete trial C. Prompt • Discriminative stimulus D. Indirect-acting consequence

  42. The occasion for a response (i.e. the SD), the response, and the outcome of that response. Click here for the next question Right On!!! • Discrete trial C. Prompt • Discriminative stimulus D. Indirect-acting consequence

  43. Which of the following is NOT one of the prompts in the hierarchy of prompts? #5 • Gestural prompt C. Verbal prompt • Motivational prompt D. Partial physical prompt

  44. Which of the following is NOT one of the prompts in the hierarchy of prompts? Back to the question! Sorry… that’s #2 on the Hierarchy of Prompts • Gestural prompt C. Verbal prompt • Motivational prompt D. Partial physical prompt

  45. Which of the following is NOT one of the prompts in the hierarchy of prompts? Back to the question! Sorry… that’s the first prompt on the Hierarchy of Prompts • Gestural prompt C. Verbal prompt • Motivational prompt D. Partial physical prompt

  46. Which of the following is NOT one of the prompts in the hierarchy of prompts? Back to the question! Sorry… that’s #3 on the Hierarchy of Prompts • Gestural prompt C. Verbal prompt • Motivational prompt D. Partial physical prompt

  47. Which of the following is NOT one of the prompts in the hierarchy of prompts? Click here for the next question Right On!!! • Gestural prompt C. Verbal prompt • Motivational prompt D. Partial physical prompt

  48. Susie, a practicum student at Croyden Avenue School, states the instructions to the child as they are written in the child’s procedures. These instructions signal that the child’s response will now be reinforced or corrected. The statement being made is a(n) __________. #6 • Reinforcer C. Gestural prompt • Discriminative stimulus (SD)D. Discrete trial

  49. Susie, a practicum student at Croyden Avenue School, states the instructions to the child as they are written in the child’s procedures. These instructions signal that the child’s response will now be reinforced or corrected. The statement being made is a(n) __________. Back to the question! Sorry…. Remember a Reinforcer is any stimulus, event, or condition whose presentation immediately follows a response and increases the frequency of that response. • Reinforcer C. Gestural prompt • Discriminative stimulus (SD)D. Discrete trial

  50. Susie, a practicum student at Croyden Avenue School, states the instructions to the child as they are written in the child’s procedures. These instructions signal that the child’s response will now be reinforced or corrected. The statement being made is a(n) __________. Back to the question! Sorry… that’s #2 on the Hierarchy of Prompts. This consists of motioning or gesturing to the correct response • Reinforcer C. Gestural prompt • Discriminative stimulus (SD)D. Discrete trial

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