Do you agree or disagree?

1. Do you agree or disagree? Your brain has the capacity to learn an average of 4,000 to 12,000newwords each year just by reading. Explain your opinion.

2. Words are important! The more words you know, the more you will • understand what you read, • the smarter you will sound when you talk, • and the more successful you will be in school.

3. Definition A word’scontextis the words, phrases, and sentences around the word you don’t know. Many of these words, phrases, and sentences give youcluesto help you figure out the meaning of the word. When you bump into a difficult word, DON’T stop reading! Use thecontext cluesthat the author leaves to figure out what the word means.

4. The “Secret” • Don’t give up. • Look back and look ahead. • Think about what you already know. • Use the clues and what you know to figure out the meaning of the hard word. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

5. Practice The first time I met Mongoose, I was in awe. He towered over me like a lighthouse. In fact, he was sotizzillwizzilthat I barely stood up to his waist. I even had to reach up over my head to shake his enormous hand. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

6. ______ _______ Practice from Experiencing World History Most castles had high walls and were surrounded by a water-filled ditch called amoat. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

7. Practice A tilapiais a kind of fish. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

8. Practice He says his laughter wasunintentional, but I think He laughed on purpose. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

9. Practice The aging house stood isolated anddecrepit. The roof sagged and most of the windows were broken. The once beautiful garden were choked with thorny brambles. For years no livingthing had entered the front door. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

10. Practice from The Sultan’s Perfect Tree There was once a sultan who loved perfection. In his palace he would allow only the most perfect things. Each fruit that he ate had to be withoutblemish. Each cup that he drank from had to be withoutflaw. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback ______ ________

11. Practice Vincent van Gogh, Go, Go You may know of Vincent van Gogh as the mentally disturbed painter who cut off his ear or as the brilliant impressionist artist who painted such masterpieces as The Starry Night. Whatever you may think about him, van Gogh’s paintings are among the most prized in the world. Van Gogh produced hundreds of paintings and drawings. However, his career only lasted about ten years. He was a speedy painter, and he produced a lot of artwork, considering the shortness of his career. In fact, he was soprolificthat he painted a canvas every day for the last seventy days of his life. He died when he was thirty-seven. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

12. What does the word prolific mean in the second paragraph? “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback • A. disturbed • talented • old • productive

13. Word Parts

14. Oh, no!! You can’t figure out the meaning of a word using context clues. Then … Look at the parts of the word to figure out what it means.

15. Word Parts ROOT PREFIX SUFFIX

16. Common roots • and hear audio “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback • dic say, tell dictate • fact do, make manufacture • scrib write script • chron time chronometer

17. Common prefixes • pre before preview “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback • un not unbelievable • re again rewrite • tri three triangle • bio living biology

18. Common suffixes • ism the act of criticism “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback • logy the study of dermatology • meter measure kilometer • phobia fears something arachnophobia • phone sound telephone

19. The “Secret” • Don’t give up. • Look at the word parts. • Think about what you already know. • Use the word parts and what you know to figure out the meaning of the hard word. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

20. Practice What do these words mean? “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback mechanize cosmology prehistoric chronology unrelated

21. Multiple-meaning Words

22. Multiple-meaning words Some words have more than one meaning. How can you choose the word’s correct meaning?

23. _ sheet \’shet\ noun 1. A large piece of cloth used on a bed 2. a piece of paper 3. a rope or chain attached to a boat’s sail Dictionary definition “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

24. Multiple-meaning words What does the word sheet mean in the sentences below? When making your bed, be sure to tuck in the sheet. When you are through with the test, turn in your answer sheet. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

25. The “Secret” • Go back to the passage. • Look at the surrounding words. • Look at the surrounding sentences. • Think about the author’s intent. • Choose the correct definition. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

26. scramble \ ‘skram-b l\ v 1. to move with urgency or panic 2. to struggle eagerly for possession of something 3. To gather something with difficulty 4. To toss or mix together e _____ Marty scrambled the eggs with a beater, mixing in bits of onion and pepper. _____ John scrambled quickly across the rock. Practice “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

27. __ strain \’stran\ v 1. to filter to remove 2. to squeeze tightly 3. to stretch beyond a proper limit 4. to put forth extreme effort ____ Susan was too busy straining water out of the pasta to answer the phone. ____ Straining to hear through the loud radio, John thought he heard the doorbell ring. Practice “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

28. __ contain \k n-tan\ v 1. to include as part of 2. to fit or accommodate 3. to restrain oneself 4. to encircle or enclose e ____ The cowboy tried to contain the wild horses in the wooden corral, but it wasn’t big enough to hold them all. ____ Mary could barely contain her disappointment, though she tried to hide her feelings. Practice “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

29. Part of speech Used in context Their final __________ was full of passion as the young soldier left to go to war. noun ? osculation Geometry To touch another curve or another part of the same curve so as to have the same tangent and curvature at the point of contact touch with the lips Alternative Definition definition

30. Figurative Language

31. Definition Authors use figurative language to help create pictures in your mind.Figurative languagehelps you see ordinary things in an unusual way. Authors also usefigurative languageto make you feel a certain way (mood). “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

32. Practice The stream was a ribbon of light. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

33. Practice The bed was as soft as a cloud. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

34. Practice As the sky darkened into evening, the factory stood at attention. Suddenly, the factory’s smokestacks began to sputter and belch loudly, the smokestacks filled the evening sky with a blanket of thick dark-gray smoke. The factory seemed to laugh as it choked the city with its foul-smelling breath. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

35. Denotation/Connotation

36. Definition The denotationof a word is its dictionary definition or meaning. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback The connotationof a word is the feelings you feel when you read or say a word.

37. cheap thrifty Practice “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback stubborn determined cooking cuisine conceited confident

38. Topic

39. Do you agree or disagree? These are the steps that your brain uses when you are reading to understand the author’s ideas. • Steps • Identify the topic. • Write a summary. • Locate the details. • Find the main idea. Explain your opinion.

40. Reading paragraphs/passages There are two steps to understanding a paragraph/ passage. • Find the topic • Find the main idea

41. Topic The topic is what the paragraph/passage is about. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

42. The “Secret” • Ask yourself, “What’s the main thing being written about in this paragraph/passage?” • Read the title or heading. • Read the first sentence. • Notice key words or repeated words. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

43. Practice from “The Cowboys Arrive” As ranching grew in the Southwest in the mid 1800s, a new figure arose – the cowboy. Manycowboystories tell about brave men who captured wild horses by day and told jokes around the campfires at night. But realcowboysworked long hours for little pay. They risked their lives in blizzards to guard herds on the open prairies. They rounded up cattle and branded them by burning their ranch’s mark into the animals’ hides. And thecowboysdrove cattle hundreds of miles to railroads so that they could be shipped across the country. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

44. Main Idea and Details

45. Main Idea The main ideaof a paragraph/passage answers the questions “What is the paragraph/passage mostly about?”

46. Main Idea • Sometimes the author clearly states the main idea. • Sometimes the author makes you use details (clues) from the passage to find the main idea. • Sometimes the author puts the main idea in different places within the paragraph. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

47. Details “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback Detailsare located in the sentences around the main idea that relate to or support the main idea. Details answer the questionswhy?,what?,when?,where?, and how?

48. The “Secret” • Find the topic. • Look for details (clues) that help you decide what the author thinks is important about the topic. • Put the topic and the details together to state the main idea in your own words. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

49. Practice from “Split-Screen View” If you’ve every tried to swat a fly, you know it’s hard to hit. That’s because a fly can detect moving objects extremely well. Flies view the world through compound eyes – eyes with multiple lenses. Each lens faces a different direction and views a small part of a scene. The parts add up to a complete picture in the insect’s brain, which tells a fly to fly away fast! “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback

50. Practice from The Magic Paintbrush Reverently he removed the wrapping and held up a black-and-white photo. It seemed to be of someone’s living room. On a table sat a big, old-fashioned radio. In front of it a man and woman stood together. The man was in a tuxedo, and the woman was in a fluffy gown. They were holding hands, as if they were about to dance. They were so young, they didn’t look like his parents. “He’s a great teacher. He builds you up, and he puts you in situations where you can make plays.” Brad Johnson quarterback