1 / 13

CHEMISTRY I Pre-AP “MATTER AND CHANGE” CHAPTER 1 Rex E. Brown Liberty High School 2008-2009

CHEMISTRY I Pre-AP “MATTER AND CHANGE” CHAPTER 1 Rex E. Brown Liberty High School 2008-2009. Chapter 1: Matter and Change (Section 1-1). CHEMISTRY: study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes. BRANCHES OF CHEMISTRY

vaughn
Télécharger la présentation

CHEMISTRY I Pre-AP “MATTER AND CHANGE” CHAPTER 1 Rex E. Brown Liberty High School 2008-2009

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. CHEMISTRY I Pre-AP “MATTER AND CHANGE” CHAPTER 1 Rex E. Brown Liberty High School 2008-2009

  2. Chapter 1: Matter and Change(Section 1-1) CHEMISTRY: study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes. BRANCHES OF CHEMISTRY Organic, Inorganic, Physical, Analytical, Biochemistry, Polymer, Theoretical. CHEMICAL: substance that has a definite composition (i.e., sugar, vinegar, table salt, carbon dioxide, water). Chemistry 1: Pre-AP

  3. Chapter 1: Matter and Change(Section 1-2) BASIC RESEARCH:carried out for the sake of increasing knowledge. APPLIED RESEARCH:carried out to solve a problem. TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT:involves the production and use of products that improve our quality of life. Chemistry 1: Pre-AP

  4. Chapter 1: Matter and Change(Section 1-2) MATTER:anything that has mass and occupies space (volume). MASS:measure of the amount of matter. VOLUME:amount of space occupied by an object. Chemistry 1: Pre-AP

  5. Chapter 1: Matter and Change(Section 1-2) EXTENSIVE PROPERTIES Depend on the amount of matter that is present in an object. Examples = volume, energy, mass. INTENSIVE PROPERTIES Do not depend on the amount of matter in an object. Examples = density, melting point, boiling point. Chemistry 1: Pre-AP

  6. Chapter 1: Matter and Change(Section 1-2) PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Characteristic that can be measured or observed without changing the identity of the substance. Examples = melting point, color, texture, odor. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Relates to a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances. Examples = iron can rust, charcoal can burn. Chemistry 1: Pre-AP

  7. Chapter 1: Matter and Change(Section 1-2) PHYSICAL CHANGE Change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity to of the substance. Examples = melting, cutting, breaking. CHEMICAL CHANGE (CHEMICAL REACTION) Change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances. Reactants = substances that react in a chemical change. Products = substances that are formed by a chemical change. Chemistry 1: Pre-AP

  8. Chapter 1: Matter and Change(Section 1-2) Chemical reactions (changes) can be written in words or in symbols: Carbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide or carbon plus oxygen yields carbon dioxide. C + O2CO2 (reactants) (products) Chemistry 1: Pre-AP

  9. Chapter 1: Matter and Change(Section 1-2) CHANGE OF STATEinvolves a physical change in which a substance changes from one form (state) to another. SOLID has a definite shape and definite volume. LIQUID has a definite volume but no definite shape. GAS has neither definite shape or volume. PLASMA is an excited, high-temperature physical state in which atoms lose their electrons (sun, fluorescent bulbs). Chemistry 1: Pre-AP

  10. Chapter 1: Matter and Change(Section 1-2) MIXTURE:blend of two or more types of matter with each retaining its own identity and properties (saltwater, orange juice, pizza, granite) Homogeneous mixtures have uniform composition (tea, saltwater, brass, air). These types of mixtures are often Solutions. Heterogeneous mixtures are not uniform throughout and their components can often be visually identified (pizza, vegetable soup). Chemistry 1: Pre-AP

  11. Chapter 1: Matter and Change(Section 1-2) PURE SUBSTANCEShave a fixed composition and differ from mixtures in the following ways: Every sample of a pure substance has exactly the same characteristic properties. Every sample of a pure substance has exactly the same composition. Pure substances are either elements or compounds. Chemistry 1: Pre-AP

  12. Chapter 1: Matter and Change(Section 1-3) PERIODIC TABLE:orderly arrangement of the elements based on atomic number which represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Vertical Columns are the Groups or Families. They possess similar physical and chemical properties. Horizontal Rows are the Periods. Physical and chemical properties repeat in a somewhat regular fashion proceeding across the table. Chemistry 1: Pre-AP

  13. Chapter 1: Matter and Change(Section 1-3) The staircase, broken line on the right side of the Periodic Table divides the elements into roughly two groups. METALS are on the left of the line and are good conductors of heat and electricity. NONMETALS are on the right side of the line and are poor conductors of heat and electricity. METALLOIDS lie along the broken line and usually possess properties and characteristics of both metals and nonmetals. Chemistry 1: Pre-AP

More Related