1 / 23

08-Early Childhood: Age 2 to 6 Biosocial Development

08-Early Childhood: Age 2 to 6 Biosocial Development. Body Changes. Growth. Body slims down – taller & thinner Center of gravity lowers Enables swinging, gymnastics, etc. Nutrition. Overweight children = overweight adults Diabetes Heart disease. Cavities & gum disease.

venice
Télécharger la présentation

08-Early Childhood: Age 2 to 6 Biosocial Development

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 08-Early Childhood: Age 2 to 6 Biosocial Development

  2. Body Changes

  3. Growth • Body slims down – taller & thinner • Center of gravity lowers • Enables swinging, gymnastics, etc.

  4. Nutrition • Overweight children • = overweight adults • Diabetes • Heart disease

  5. Cavities & gum disease • Early tooth decay = most common disease in young children in developed countries • Harms permanent teeth • Jaw malformation, speech • Overall health

  6. Brain development

  7. Myelination • Myelin coating of axons • Speeds brain processing • Focused on the motor and sensory areas

  8. Corpus callosum • Connects right and left hemispheres • Increases communication between both sides of the brain • Increases coordination • Lateralization • Each side specializing

  9. Left hemispherecontrols right side • Left is language & speech • Left is logical • Detailed analysis • Detail focused

  10. Right hemisphere controls left side • Creative • Emotional • Big picture focused

  11. All thinking required both sides of the brain

  12. Prefrontal cortex • “Executive” brain • Planning, analyzing, prioritizing • Immaturity = Impulsiveness & tendency to persevere (keep repeating) • E.g. “Are we there yet?” • Longest period of development • Matures during adolescence

  13. Emotions • Based on the limbic system • Amygdala • Hippocampus • Hypothalamus • Aid in emotional expression and control

  14. Amygdala • Registers positive & negative emotions • Related to night terrors • Children model after parents

  15. Hippocampus • Memory • Can work with amygdala to recall emotions

  16. Hypothalamus • Produces hormones to activate parts of the body in response to signals from the amygdala and hippocampus. • E.g. stress and the fight or flight syndrome

  17. Motor skills • Gross • Large muscles • E.g. riding a bike, swinging, kicking a ball • Fine • Small muscles • Writing, drawing, pouring juice • Girls tend to develop 6 mos. Earlier than boys

  18. Injuries and abuse

  19. Three levels of prevention for avoidable injuries • Primary prevention • Preventing a high risk situation from ever existing • E.g. Sidewalks and overpasses • Secondary prevention • Reducing the risk in an existing high risk situation • Salt on roads • Crossing guards • Tertiary prevention • Reducing damage after injury • Emergency room procedures

  20. Child maltreatment • Child abuse • Deliberate physical, emotional, or sexual harm • Child neglect • Failure to meet physical or emotional needs • Law required reporting suspected maltreatment

  21. Symptoms of maltreatment • Injuries • Fantasy play – violence & sexual • Hostility • Impulsive reactions • E.g. Cringing • Fear of caregiver • Hypervigilance

More Related