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Today’s World

Today’s World. Chapter 33. Trade and Globalization. Globalization: the process in which trade and culture link together countries around the world Interdependence is a relationship among countries in which they depend on one another for resources, goods, and services

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Today’s World

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  1. Today’s World Chapter 33

  2. Trade and Globalization • Globalization: the process in which trade and culture link together countries around the world • Interdependence is a relationship among countries in which they depend on one another for resources, goods, and services • Developed nations are industrialized with strong economies and a high standard of living, about 20% nations are considered • Developing nations have less productive economies and a lower standard of living

  3. Multinational corporations: large companies that operate in several nations • Outsourcing is shifting jobs to developing world because of lower costs of production • Free trade is the exchange of goods among nations without trade barriers such as tariffs • International Trade Organizations- General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT), 1948 • World Trade Organization replaced in 1995, 150 nations

  4. Regional Trade • Organization of Oil Exporting Countries, OPEC • European Union-25 nations • North American Free Trade Agreement-NAFTA • Association of Southeast Asian Nations-ASEAN • Group of 8- major industrial nations

  5. Effects of Global Trade • Valuable new markets for goods…trade jobs • Environmental legislation…shifts pollution • Workers wages…free trade goods • Cultural exchange…popular culture and cultural diffusion • McDonaldization and destruction of culture

  6. Social Challenges • 1948 UN Declaration of Human Rights • Question: Could genocide happen again? • Rwanda-Tutsi and Hutu ethnic groups close to 1 million killed, 2 million refugees, 1994 • Darfur region of Sudan 2006, rebel forces and government supported Janjaweed fighters • NGO- Non Governmental Organizations work to provide services or to promote certain public policies…International Red Cross

  7. Poverty-more than 20% world’s population live on less than $1 a day, no access to health care or education • Famine, war, disease • First World too • SARS, AIDS epidemics of diseases that now spread world wide almost immediately • Natural disasters like tsunamis…environmental refugees • Migration and push pull factors-push to leave your homeland and pull people to a new place • Urbanization and blight

  8. World Security • Terrorism-unlawful use or threat of violence to cause fear and to advance political, religious, or ideological grounds, intentionally targeting civilians • Regional issues Israel-Hezbollah state supported, Britain-Irish Republican Army • 9/11 al Queda • Weapons of Mass Destruction-chemical, biological, nuclear weapons that cause enormous amounts of damage and kill indiscriminately • Sanctions-policies to discourage development

  9. Environment and Technology • Sustainable development is that which does not permanently damage resources-balance need to develop with environmental protections • Fossil fuel use vs. renewable energy source • Deforestation and rain forest damage, desertification in Sahel region • Species loss • Pollution and waste disposal • Global warming

  10. Science and Technology • Space exploration-spin offs • Information Age-cell phones, computers, computers…2006 US 69% internet access, Africa 4% • Medicine – treatments, cloning • Genetic engineering-modify plant or animal, green revolution the ongoing effort to develop new types of wheat, rice, and other crops to meet food needs • Biotechnology- mix of science and corporations

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