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Education and the Law

Explore the pivotal court cases and legislative acts that have defined educational equality in the U.S. Beginning with Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), which upheld the “separate but equal” doctrine, through the groundbreaking decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which ruled that segregation in schools violated the 14th Amendment, to significant educational acts like the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (1990). Each case and act played a crucial role in promoting equal educational opportunities and dismantling discriminatory practices, shaping a more inclusive educational landscape.

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Education and the Law

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  1. Education and the Law Group 5

  2. The Court Cases

  3. Plessy v Ferguson • 1896 • Upheld (legalized) separate but equal “separate but equal” • Brought tradition of policy of separate bus seating to public schools

  4. Brown v Board of Education of Topeka • 1954 • Desegregation introduced “equality of educational opportunity” • Ruled that separate schools violated 14th amendment “inherently unequal”

  5. Swann v Charlotte-Mecklenberg County • 1971 • Supreme Court ruled that the county had to quicken desegregation • “Busing”

  6. Educational Acts

  7. The First and second Morrill Act • 1862 • Established land grant institutions • 1890 • Nondiscrimination in college admissions/”separate but equal institutions”

  8. Elementary and Secondary Education Act • 1965 • “Title I” • For improving the academic achievement of the disadvantaged • Amended in 2004

  9. Education for all handicapped children act • 1975 • Gave right to all students with disabilities to have “free” public “education”

  10. Americans with disabilities act/Individuals with disabilities education act • 1990 • Insures rights of these individuals to receive fair treatment and not be discriminated against in all aspects of their lives other than education • IDEA requires students with disabilities be educated in the ‘Least Restrictive Environment” • Amended in 2004

  11. Information taken from Those Who can, teach

  12. No child left behind act • 2001 • Requires that special education students take the same standardized tests as regular level students, sometimes with accomodations

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