Biology Quiz #2 Review Questions

1. Biology Quiz #2 Review Questions Remember to Review Specialized Cells as well!!!!

2. Question #1: • Anchors are to boats as _________ are to plants ROOTS

3. Question #2: • Vascular, epidermal, ground, and meristematic are all _____________ tissues. PLANT

4. Question #3: • What is the difference between adult stem cells embryotic stem cells? Embryotic stem cells are found in an embryo and can specialize into any type of tissue when put in the proper “environment”. Adult stem cells are found in adult bodies, often in the bone marrow. These stem cells are more difficult to turn into “any” type of tissue.

5. Question #4: • What is the largest organ in your body? Your Skin!

6. Question #5: • Give as many details as possible about the aorta • It is an artery because it brings blood AWAY from the heart • It is located at the top of the heart • It contains three large arteries that helps to bring blood to all parts of your body • Its job is to bring oxygenated blood TO the body

7. Question #6: Who Am I? • I line the body cavities and outer surface of your body. I also form glands that produce hormones, enzymes, and sweat. • Epithelial Tissue

8. Question #7 • Which type of tissue responds to stimuli? • Nervous Tissue

9. Question #8 • What is the inner layer of the skin called? • Dermis

10. Question #9 • Pharynx is another word for your ____________ • Throat

11. Question #10 • T F The tiny air sacs in your lungs are called arterties • False – they are called alveoli

12. Question #11 • Plugged oil glands can cause ________________ • Blackheads

13. Question #12 • What are “nephrons”? Filters in your kidneys that stores the waste from your blood

14. Question #13 • What factors can cause hormone levels to become unbalanced? Stress and/or infection

15. Question #14 • In which part of the plant cell does photosynthesis take place? Mesophyll

16. Question #15 • Define the term “organ” An organ is made up of a group of tissues that work together to perform a certain task

17. Question #16 • Which organ system supports the body and allows for movement? The Skeletal System

18. Question #17 • Which parts of your body are involved with the nervous system? Brain, nerves, and spinal cord

19. Question #18 • Which parts of your body are involved with the skeletal system? Bones and cartilage

20. Question #19 • What is the purpose of sweating? When you sweat, your body is working to cool your body off.

21. Question #20 • Describe the function of the epiglottis. It prevents food from going down your trachea when you eat

22. Question #21 • T F A stem cell is a specialized cell False – Unspecialized

23. Question #22 • How many alveoli are found in each lung? 150 million alveoli

24. Question #23 • What are some similarities and differences between an artery and a vein? Similar – both transport blood Difference – Arteries transport blood AWAY from the heart where Veins transport blood TO the heart

25. Question #24 • The heart is divided into _______ chambers. Name these chambers. 4 chambers: Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

26. Question #25 – Who Am I? • I am a system of the body. I control growth and moods. Who am I? Endocrine System

27. Question #26 • Why is our blood not actually blue, even though it looks like that through our skin? Optical Illusion – blood in our body is red. It appears blue because the red light is absorbed and blue light is reflected

28. Question #27 • What is the term that means to pass through a capillary wall to an area that has less concentration? Diffusion

29. Question #28 – Who Am I? • I am part of the excretory system. I come in pairs. I am used to filter blood in the body. Who am I? The kidneys

30. Question #29 • Name the type of blood vessel that is one cell thick. Capillary

31. Question #30 • What chemical is found in red blood cells? What does this chemical do? Hemoglobin – transports oxygen to parts of your body

32. Question #31 • Which system of the body does the pancreas belong to? What is its function? It belongs to the digestive system. It secretes insulin which helps to break down sugars

33. Question #32 • Explain why alveoli are important. What would happen if we did not have them? They play a vital role in the exchange of gasses in our lungs; they exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen. The oxygen is then transported through the blood stream to the rest of the body If we did not have alveoli, we would suffocate due to lack of oxygen

34. Question #33 • Which type of tissue is a plant mainly made up of? Ground Tissue

35. Question #34 • Which organs are most often transplanted? Kidneys, Liver, Lungs, Heart

36. Question #35 • Which organs are most often transplanted? Kidneys, Liver, Lungs, Heart

37. Question #36 • A network of _______________ connect veins and arteries Capillaries

38. Question #37 • Discuss two major functions of a stem in a plant. Transports water and nutrients throughout the plant Supports the plant

39. Question #38 • What is the purpose of the liver and what system of the body is it a part of? Secretes bile which helps with the break down of fats. It is part of the digestive system