Download
1 / 14
150 likes | 333 Vues
Explore the fundamental concepts of nuclear chemistry, including fission and fusion reactions, radioactive decay types (alpha, beta, and gamma), and key nuclear symbols. Learn how nuclear stability is achieved and understand the significance of mass defects and energy conversions based on Einstein's equation. Dive into the processes that define heavy and light nuclei interactions, and discover the applications of nuclear chemistry in energy production and safety standards. Ideal for students and professionals seeking clarity in nuclear science.
E N D
Nuclear Chemistry Bravo – 15,000 kilotons
Nuclear Symbols Element symbol Mass number (p+ + no) Atomic number (number of p+)
Types of Radioactive Decay • alpha production (a, He): helium nucleus • beta production (b, e): • gamma ray production (g):
NuclearStability Decay will occur in such a way as to return a nucleus to the band (line) of stability.
Alpha Radiation Alpha decay is limited to VERY large, nuclei such as those in heavy metals.
Beta Radiation Beta decay converts a neutron into a proton.
Fission Fission - Splitting a heavy nucleus into two nuclei with smaller mass numbers.
Deuterium – Tritium Fusion Reaction Fusion - Combining two light nuclei to form a heavier, more stable nucleus.
Energy and Mass Nuclear changes occur with small but measurable losses of mass. The lost mass is called the mass defect, and is converted to energy according to Einstein’s equation: DE = Dmc2 Dm = mass defect DE = change in energy c = speed of light Because c2 is so large, even small amounts of mass are converted to enormous amount of energy.
