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WINDS

WINDS. Responsible for triggering the initial movement of air. CORIOLIS EFFECT. SHIFT IN WIND DIRECTION DUE TO EARTH’S ROTATION. What happens if pressure is the same?. No wind!. Earth’s Winds- due to uneven heating  pressure differences.

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WINDS

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  1. WINDS

  2. Responsible for triggering the initial movement of air.

  3. CORIOLIS EFFECT SHIFT IN WIND DIRECTION DUE TO EARTH’S ROTATION

  4. What happens if pressure is the same? No wind!

  5. Earth’s Winds- due to uneven heating  pressure differences

  6. Earth’s Winds- due to uneven heating  pressure differences Local Winds Sea breeze Land breeze

  7. LOCALWINDS Uneven heating of land vs water SEA BREEZE LAND BREEZE

  8. Earth’s Winds- due to uneven heating  pressure differences Local Winds Seasonal Winds- over bigger region (ex-SE Asia) Sea breeze Land breeze monsoon

  9. MONSOONS SEASONAL WINDS Similar to land and sea breeze bit occur over a wider area

  10. Philippines Northeast Monsoon (cold and wet) Southwest Monsoon (dry)

  11. Earth’s Winds- due to uneven heating  pressure differences Global/Planetary Winds Local Winds Seasonal Winds- over bigger region (ex-SE Asia) Sea breeze Land breeze monsoon

  12. GLOBAL WINDS UNEQUAL HEATING equater vs. poles results in GLOBAL PATTERN OF AIR CIRCULATION

  13. http://www.phschool.com/atschool/phsciexp/active_art/global_winds/index.htmlhttp://www.phschool.com/atschool/phsciexp/active_art/global_winds/index.html

  14. Jet Stream Earth’s Winds- due to uneven heating  pressure differences Up In Atmosphere Global/Planetary Winds Local Winds Seasonal Winds- over bigger region (ex-SE Asia) On Surface Trade Winds Polar Easterlies Prevailing Westerlies Sea breeze Land breeze monsoon

  15. TRADE WINDS ON SURFACE: AIR MOVING BACK TO THE EQUATOR FORMING A BELT OF WARM, STEADY WINDS

  16. PREVAILING WESTERLIES ON SURFACE 40-60 degrees Latitude (West to East) Strong Winds

  17. POLAR EASTERLIES ON SURFACE COLDBUT WEAK WINDS EAST TO WEST

  18. JETSTREAMS “rivers of air" IN ATMOSPHERE (ABOVE 12 KMS) 180-350 Km/Hr (speed)

  19. Jet Stream Earth’s Winds- due to uneven heating  pressure differences Up In Atmosphere Global/Planetary Winds Local Winds Seasonal Winds- over bigger region (ex-SE Asia) On Surface Trade Winds Polar Easterlies Prevailing Westerlies Sea breeze Land breeze NO Winds monsoon Horse Latitudes Doldrums

  20. DOLDRUMS ON SURFACE CALM/ NO WINDS AT EQUATOR (0 degrees latitude)

  21. HORSE LATITUDES ON SURFACE 30 degrees North and South of Equator Warm air cools and sink; clear skies; winds are calm

  22. http://www.phschool.com/atschool/phsciexp/active_art/global_winds/index.htmlhttp://www.phschool.com/atschool/phsciexp/active_art/global_winds/index.html

  23. CORIOLIS EFFECT SHIFT IN WIND DIRECTION DUE TO EARTH’S ROTATION

  24. As air moves from high to low pressure: in north, air deflected right/counterclockwise in the south, air is deflected left/clockwise

  25. hurricanes/typhoons and tornadoes spin COUNTER-CLOCKWISE in NORTH

  26. Flushing Toilets on the Equator Myth or Real: Toilets flushed in the northern hemisphere apparently spin to the right, in the southern hemisphere the water spins left -- this is supposedly caused by the Coriolis effect. And on the equator? It's a straight shot down. myth

  27. BREAK TIME • One big/important idea or fact • Stand up • Share with 3 people

  28. So how do we get differences in pressure?

  29. All factors makingLow density & low pressure 1) temp: Warm air is less dense than cool air. REMEMBER THE OPPOSITE IS ALSO TRUE

  30. UNEQUAL HEATING OF AIR DIFFERENCES IN DENSITY DIFFERENCE IN AIR PRESSURE EX) HOT temp (LESS dense)=>LOW P COLD temp (MORE dense)=>HIGH P

  31. TEMPERATURE AND AIR PRESSURE LESS AIR PRESSURE Air RISES Air molecules move faster and expand HEAT less dense

  32. All factors makingLow density  low pressure 1) temp: Warm air is less dense than cool air. 2) humidity: Moist air is less dense than dry air. REMEMBER THE OPPOSITE IS ALSO TRUE

  33. More water vapor means less air molecules Less dense = LOW AIR PRESSURE DRY AIR  more dense = HIGH AIR PRESSURE

  34. All factors makingLow density  low pressure 1) temp: Warm air is less dense than cool air. 2) humidity: Moist airis less dense than dry air. 3) elevation: Air at high altitudes (mountains)isless dense than air at lower altitudes. REMEMBER THE OPPOSITE IS ALSO TRUE

  35. Air at high altitudes is more spread out = less dense than air at lower altitudes.

  36. Measuring Air Pressure 2 Main Types of Barometer Air Pressure is measured by an instrument calledBarometer • Mercury Barometer • Aneroid (spring)

  37. Air pressure increases, column of mercury rises VIDEO: Why use mercury? • Air pressure decreases, column of mercury drops Video (minute 2): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-gGBMCqBoSE&feature=related

  38. Break time • Think of one fact you learned from the video or what you found interesting • Stand up • Form groups based on the same idea

  39. CLOUDS

  40. TYPES OF CLOUDS

  41. CLOUDFORMATION 1) WATER VAPOR (gas) rising (need heat to cause evaporation) 2) CONDENSATION NUCLEI (smoke, dust, pollution) 3)LOW TEMPERATURE for condensation (liquid) to occur

  42. MOISTURECONDENSES ON SMALL PARTICLES OF DUST/ SOLIDS IN THE AIR

  43. CONDENSATION WATER VAPOR CHANGES INTO LIQUID (need cold temp)

  44. DEW POINT TEMPERATURE AT WHICH water vapor CONDENSES

  45. Source: http://www.vivoscuola.it/US/RSIGPP3202/umidita/lezioni/form.htm

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