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Lesson 13

Lesson 13. Vocative Case Ablative of Place From Which Latin I March 10-14, 2014. Today’s Schedule. Review Perfect Tense Learn Vocatives and Ablatives of Place From Which Perfect Tense review worksheet, check flashcards, recite numbers. Let’s Review!.

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Lesson 13

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  1. Lesson 13 Vocative Case Ablative of Place From Which Latin I March 10-14, 2014

  2. Today’s Schedule • Review Perfect Tense • Learn Vocatives and Ablatives of Place From Which • Perfect Tense review worksheet, check flashcards, recite numbers

  3. Let’s Review! • PERFECT TENSE: past action completed • Drop the –i from the 3rd principal part to find the verb stem • Add the perfect endings!

  4. Finding the Perfect Stem Find the third principal part of the verb. doceo docere docui doctus The perfect stem is the third principal part – i. docui - i = docu-

  5. Perfect Tense We taught We have taught We did teach I taughtI have taughtI did teach First Person docu imus docu i You taught You have taught You did teach You taughtYou have taughtYou did teach Second Person docu istis docu isti They taught They have taught They did teach erunt He taughtHe has taughtHe did teach Third Person docu it docu

  6. Perfect Tense terreo, terrere, terrui, territus We scared We have scaredWe did scare I scaredI have scaredI did scare First Person terru imus terru i You scared You have scared You did scare You scaredYou have scaredYou did scare Second Person terru istis terru isti They scared They have scared They did scare erunt He scaredHe has scaredHe did scare Third Person terru it terru

  7. Vocative Case (Lesson 13) • In Latin, the vocative case is used to address people directly or to get their attention. • Charles, come here! • Emily, you’re the best sister anyone could have! • Leave me alone, creep!

  8. Vocative Case • The name “vocative” case comes from the Latin word “voco”: “to call.” • The vocative is set apart by commas in English. • It’s often used with the imperative (command) verbs.

  9. How To Make a Vocative • Most Latin words use the nominative ending for their vocative form, too. Yay! No new endings! • What is it, mother? • Quid est, mater? • Carry the water, my daughter. • Portaaquam, mea filia. • But… there are exceptions!

  10. How To Make a Vocative • Words that end in –us make their singular vocative by changing the –us to –e. • Carry the water, Marcus! • Portaaquam, Marce! • Hurry, friend! • Festina, amice!

  11. How To Make a Vocative • Words that end in –ius make their singular vocative by changing the –ius to –i. • Free the captives, Lucius! • Liberacaptivos, Luci! • Hurry, son! (filius) • Festina, fili!

  12. What To Take Away From the Lesson! • Vocatives are used to address someone directly. • The only words that use special endings are –us and –iussingular words. • -us = -e -ius = -i • All other words just use their nominative endings.

  13. Making Vocatives! • Quintus • agricolae • Cornelia • Tullius • Anna • Marcus • amicus • servus • Quinte • agricolae • Cornelia • Tulli • Anna • Marce • amice • serve

  14. Ablative of Place From Which • You have 3 prepositions in your vocabulary list this week that all mean “from.” • a, ab: away from (the outside) • de: down from, from, about, concerning • ē, ex: out from (the inside), from, out of *“a” and “ē” are used before words that begin with consonants

  15. Ablative of Place From Which • All 3 prepositions are followed by a noun in the ablative case. Remember that ablative case endings are: • -ā, -o, -e (singular) • -is, -ibus(plural) Remember: There are lots of ABlative uses!

  16. Translating Ablative Phrases • ex aquā • ā casā • ā casis • de Italiā • de equo • de equis • de gloriā • āb arbore • ex arboribus • out of the water • away from the house • away from the houses • from Italy • down from the horse • down from the horses • about glory • away from the tree • out of the trees

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