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Introduction

Section 2 - The Gas Laws. Introduction. This hot air balloon was designed to carry a passenger around the world. You will study some laws that will allow you to predict gas behavior under specific conditions, such as in a hot air balloon. 3. Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume.

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Introduction

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Section 2 - The Gas Laws Introduction • This hot air balloon was designed to carry a passenger around the world. • You will study some laws that will allow you to predict gas behavior under specific conditions, such as in a hot air balloon.

  2. 3. Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume • If the temperature is constant, as the pressure of a gas increases, the volume decreases. • Boyle’s lawstates that for a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the volume of the gas varies inversely with pressure.

  3. Example: • Step 1: Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume (cont.)

  4. Step 2: Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume (cont.)

  5. 4. Charles’s Law: Temperature and Volume • As the temperature of an enclosed gas increases, the volume increases, if the pressure is constant. • As the temperature of the water increases, the volume of the balloon increases. • Charles’s law states that the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the pressure is kept constant.

  6. Charles’s Law: Temperature and Volume (cont.) • Example: • Step 1:

  7. Charles’s Law: Temperature and Volume (cont.) • Step 2

  8. 5. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature • As the temperature of an enclosed gas increases, the pressure increases, if the volume is constant. • When a gas is heated at constant volume, the pressure increases. • Gay-Lussac’s law states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature if the volume remains constant.

  9. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature (cont.) • Example: • Step 1:

  10. Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature (cont.) • Step 2

  11. 6. The Combined Gas Law • The combined gas law describes the relationship among the pressure, temperature, and volume of an enclosed gas. • The combined gas law allows you to do calculations for situations in which only the amount of gas is constant.

  12. Example: • Step 1: The Combined Gas Law (cont.)

  13. The Combined Gas Law (cont.) • Step 2:

  14. END OF SECTION 14.2

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