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This overview explores the evolution of marketing from modernism in the 1800s to postmodernism in the new millennium. Modernism emphasized reason and rational order, ushering in an era of liberated humanity. Postmodernism introduces fragmentation and distrust of universal narratives, focusing on sub-cultures, tribalism, and the concept of hyper-reality. Consumers now actively customize brands to construct their identities, marking a shift from traditional advertising to participatory marketing. Understanding these shifts is essential for brands to create meaningful identities in a fragmented landscape.
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Reading 16 Bernard Cova
Modernism • Emerged in affluent countries in 1800’s • Rule of reason and establishment of rational order • Emergence of the freed subject, liberating humanity from ignorance and irrationality
Postmodernism • New models of the new millennium • “Fragmentation, indeterminacy, intense distrust of all universal or totalizing discourses” • Pluralities dominate
Impact on marketing • Focus on sub-cultures and tribalism • Active customization • Fragmentation versus globalization • “Hyper-reality” – experiencing reality through simulacrums • Disney, IMAX, reality shows on TV • Second Life on the Web • Consumers buy the “symbolic meaning” of the product as well as the actual product
Post-modern recognized • Consumers shift product meanings to fit their own self image • Study the consumers as someone seeking to construct symbols, not someone seeking to satisfy needs • The homogeneous “I” – individualism to an extreme • Reforming into new social links and tribes
Impact on brands • Creating a brand identity and brand meaning • Regis McKenna – participatory marketing • Demise of traditional advertising • Marketing redefined – the site for negotiation of meanings between the company and the consumer • By selecting brands, people build their identities in a post-modern world